摘要
近年来,受劳动力成本上升、中美经贸争端等影响,中国劳动密集型产业出现了出口金额下降、向海外转移等现象。中国劳动密集型产品在国际市场是否具备竞争力,引起了各方关注。文章对中国入世以来劳动密集型产品出口的总体状况进行了回溯,并分析了七大类劳动密集型产品的出口差异,及其在国际市场份额的变化趋势。数据显示,中国劳动密集型产品的出口金额和国际市场份额已经"触顶",且不同产品出口分化比较明显,在不同国家市场表现也有较大差异。服装、鞋类和箱包等产品,受周边国家相关产业迅速崛起的影响,国际市场竞争力有所下降;纺织、玩具等产品,在国际市场上仍有较强竞争力。需要客观看待中国劳动密集型产业已遭遇"工资天花板"这一事实。最后,从占据产业发展制高点、提升产品竞争力、加快向中西部转移和加强对外投资管制等四个方面提出了政策建议。
Recent years,affected by the rising of domestic labor costs and Sino-US trade disputes,China’s labor-intensive industries have shifted to overseas and its export products has decreased.So the competitiveness of China’s labor-intensive products in the international market has aroused concerns.This paper reviews the general situation of China’s labor-intensive products export since China entering the WTO,and then analyzes the trends of labor-intensive products export and global market share in seven categories.The data show that both the export and the global market share of China’s labor-intensive products have peaked,and there are huge differences in both the export performance of different kinds of products and the performance in different countries.Though the competitiveness of clothing,footwear,bags and other products in the international market has declined due to the rapid raise of related industries in neighboring countries,textile,toys and other products still have strong competitiveness in the international market.Therefore,we need to objectively view the fact that China’s labor-intensive industries have encountered the wage ceiling.Finally,this paper puts forward policy suggestions from four aspects:occupying the commanding height of the industry,improving product competitiveness,encouraging the industry transfer to central and western regions,and strengthening the regulation of foreign investment.
作者
龚雄军
崔琴
邱毅
GONG Xiongjun;CUI Qin;QIU Yi(China Association of International Trade;Zhejiang Gongshang University)
出处
《国际贸易》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第2期55-63,71,共10页
Intertrade
基金
教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地浙江工商大学现代商贸研究中心课题“我国劳动密集型制造业国际竞争优势研究”(2020SMYJ05ZC)、教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“互联网经济视阈下中国分销渠道体系重构及竞争力提升研究”(18JJD790014)
浙江省软科学研究项目“浙江省互联网垂直平台企业成长路径与竞争优势构建研究”(2021C35034)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
劳动密集型产品
出口竞争力
双循环
labor-intensive products
export competitiveness
dual circulation
