摘要
试验采用4×4双因素设计研究湿态发酵豆粕不同添加比例和预处理工艺及其交互作用对颗粒饲料质量的影响。试验选择典型肉鸡饲料配方,湿态发酵豆粕的添加比例为:4%、6%、8%和10%;预处理工艺分别为:A:直接添加;B:与玉米粉按3:7比例混合后添加;C:与玉米粉按3:7比例混合、粉碎后添加;D:与玉米粉按3:7比例混合、冷制粒、再粉碎后添加。结果表明:①随着湿态发酵豆粕添加比例的提高,制粒性能降低;随着预处理工艺变化(A~D),制粒性能提高。②随着湿态发酵豆粕添加比例的提高,混合粉料调质前、调质后、颗粒料水分极显著提高(P<0.01);随着预处理工艺变化(A~D),混合粉料调质前水分、颗粒料水分极显著降低(P<0.01),对混合粉料调质后水分影响不显著(P>0.05);预处理工艺和湿态发酵豆粕添加比例双因素交互作用对混合粉料调质前、调质后水分有极显著影响(P<0.01),对颗粒料水分无显著影响(P>0.05)。③随着湿态发酵豆粕添加比例的提高,颗粒饲料硬度极显著降低(P<0.01),颗粒饲料耐久性极显著升高(P<0.01),成型率先升高再降低,添加量为8%时成型率最高(P<0.01);随着预处理工艺变化,颗粒饲料硬度、成型率极显著升高(P<0.01),对耐久性无显著影响(P>0.05);双因素交互作用对成型率有极显著影响(P<0.01),对硬度、颗粒饲料耐久性无显著影响(P>0.05)。④随着储存时间的延长和湿态发酵豆粕添加比例的提高,霉菌总数有升高的趋势,湿态发酵豆粕添加4%、6%、8%、10%时,四种预处理工艺加工的颗粒饲料均能安全储存的时间分别为84、70、42、42 d。结论:通过改变预处理工艺,改善了制粒性能,提高了颗粒饲料质量,其中,D>C>B>A;提高了湿态发酵豆粕添加比例,湿态发酵豆粕与玉米粉按37比例预混合、冷制粒、再粉碎预处理工艺下,湿态发酵豆粕添加比例可以提高到10%,同时延长了颗粒饲料的储存�
In this experiment,a 4×4 two-factor design was used to study the effects of different addition ratios,pretreatment process and interaction of wet fermented soybean meal on the quality of pellet feed.The typical broiler feed formula was selected in this experiment,the addition ratios of wet fermented soybean meal was:4%,6%,8%and 10%.The pretreatment processes were as follows,A:adding directly,B:mixed with corn meal at 3:7 ratio and then adding,C:mixed with corn meal at 3:7 ratio,grounded and then adding,D:mixed with corn meal at 3:7 ratio,cold pelleting,grounded and then adding.The results showed that:①the pelleting characteristics decreased with the increase of the proportion of wet fermented soybean meal,and improved with the change of pretreatment process(A to D).②With the increase of the proportion of wet fermented soybean meal,the moisture of mash feed before and after conditioning and pellet feed increased significantly(P<0.01).With the change of pretreatment process(A to D),the moisture of mash feed before conditioning and pellet feed decreased significantly(P<0.01),but had no significant effect on the moisture of mash feed after conditioning(P>0.05).The interaction between the pretreatment process and the addition ratio of wet fermented soybean meal had a very significant effect on the moisture of the mash feed before and after conditioning(P<0.01),but had no significant effect on the moisture of the pellet feed(P>0.05).③With the increase of the proportion of wet fermented soybean meal,the hardness of pellet feed decreased significantly(P<0.01),the PDI increased significantly(P<0.01),the pelleting rate increased at first and then decreased,and the pelleting rate was the highest when the addition ratio was 8%(P<0.01).With the change of pretreatment process,the hardness and pelleting rate of prllet feed increased significantly(P<0.01),but had no significant effect on the PDI of pellet feed(P>0.05).The interaction of two factors had a very significant effect on the pelleting rate(P<0.01),but had no sig
作者
鲁春灵
李军国
杨洁
于纪宾
梁东亮
蒋万春
LU Chunling;LI Junguo;YANG Jie;YU Jibin;LIANG Dongliang;JIANG Wanchun(School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Hebei Handan 056038,China;Feed Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Animal Epidemic Prevention Station,Handan Economic and Technological Development Zone,Hebei Handan 057151,China)
出处
《饲料工业》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第5期19-25,共7页
Feed Industry
基金
国家重点研发计划项目课题[2018YFD0500600]
中国农业科学院创新工程项目[CAAS-ASTIP-2020-FRI-08]。
关键词
湿态发酵豆粕
预处理工艺
制粒性能
颗粒质量
储存期
wet fermented soybean meal
pretreatment process
pelleting characteristics
pellet quality
storage time
