摘要
地面大直径钻孔可作为井下被困人员的逃生通道,是矿山事故造成人员被困井下时重要的应急救援方案之一。而常规大直径工程孔以泥浆正循环、多级扩孔工艺为主成孔,无法满足救援要求。着眼于大直径孔救援逃生目的,阐明包括精准透巷、优化孔身结构、高效成孔和安全透巷等四项成孔工艺设计原则;以此为指导,针对覆盖层钻进、二开基岩层钻进、下套管及固井具体施工情况,分析了全套管钻进、导向孔下导管钻进及集束式潜孔锤扩孔钻进、浮力法下套管及内插法固井等技术;借用巷道围岩松动圈及塑性区成熟理论,视透巷钻进所破坏的塑性区岩体为潜在垮落体,进行顶板稳定校核,提出了安全透巷距离及位置等关键参数设计选取方法,为地面大直径应急救援钻孔施工提供技术支持。
Surface large diameter borehole can be used as the escape channel for trapped people underground,and it is one of the important emergency rescue plans when mine accidents cause people trapped underground.However,the conventional large-diameter engineering hole is mainly formed by mud positive circulation and multi-stage reaming,which can not meet the rescue requirements.Focusing on the purpose of rescue and escape of large-diameter hole,this paper expounds the hole forming technology design principles including accurate con-necting roadway,optimization of borehole structure,high-efficiency hole forming and safety connecting roadway.According to the specific construction conditions of overburden drilling,second foundation rock drilling,casing running and cementing,the paper analyzes the technologies of full casing drilling,pilot hole pipe-guide drilling,cluster DTH hammer reaming drilling,buoyancy casing running and interpolation cementing.Using the theory of loose zone and plastic zone of roadway surrounding rock to check the roof stability with considering that the rock mass in the plastic zone destroyed by the through tunnel drilling is a potential caving body.Then,the design and selection method of key parameters including safe through roadway distance and position are proposed,which could provide technical support for the construction of surface large diameter emergency rescue borehole.
作者
郝世俊
莫海涛
HAO Shijun;MO Haitao(China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Xi'an Research Institute Co.Ltd.,China Coal Technology and Engineering Group Corp.,Xi'an 710077,China)
出处
《煤田地质与勘探》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期277-284,共8页
Coal Geology & Exploration
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC0808202)。
关键词
大直径钻孔
应急救援
成孔工艺
安全
透巷
large diameter
emergency rescue
hole-forming technology
safe
connecting roadway
