摘要
在全球生态危机和不断增加的粮食和食品安全需求背景下,如何真正实现农业的可持续发展成了全世界共同关注的问题。再生农业(regenerative agriculture)作为新挑战下应运而生的农业模式。探讨再生农业的内涵、国内外应用的生态和经济效益以及分析在我国的应用情景,能够为我国这一新型农业模式的引入和发展提供理论指导。本文首先通过对相关再生农业定义的梳理,把再生农业概述为是以实现农业可持续发展为目的,基于土地保护性利用,在减少机械作业和化学品投入的基础上,通过基于自然的解决方案实现在提高作物产出的同时,提升土壤有机质和氮元素、促进土壤固碳、改善土壤健康、最大化生物多样性的农业模式。通过与其他可持续农业模式相比,从粮食安全、化石能源、碳封存、土壤健康、生物多样性、净水和净收益多个维度说明了再生农业能够实现粮食安全、土壤健康、生态环境和经济效益的同步改善。通过对国内外再生农业相关研究的分析,表明了再生农业的不同措施能够使得生态和经济效益的多个方面效益得到显著提升。最后,提出了我国未来不同区域发展再生农业模式的建议。
With the intensified global ecological crisis and the increasing demand for food and food safety,it has become a widespread concern of the whole world as to how to realize the sustainable development of agriculture.In this context,the regenerative agriculture was proposed and developed to cope with new challenges.This paper discussed the content,ecological and economic benefits of regenerative agriculture and analyzed the application scenarios in China,aiming to provide theoretical guidance for the introduction and development of this new agricultural model in China.To sum up,regenerative agriculture is a nature-based solution which has at its core the intention to improve the health of soil through elevated soil organic content and nitrogen elements as well as reduced chemicals input and mechanical operations,so as to realize the sustainable development of agriculture,namely enhanced soil carbon sequestration,maximized biodiversity and improved quality of water,vegetation and land-productivity.Compared to several other agriculture models with respect to multiple dimensions,regenerative agriculture stands out by simultaneously achieving improvements in food security,soil health,ecological environment and economic benefits.The advantages of applying regenerative agriculture were further proved with specific cases.At last,suggestions on the development of regenerative agriculture in China were put forward.
作者
韩明会
李保国
张丹
李颖
HAN MingHui;LI BaoGuo;ZHANG Dan;LI Ying(The Nature Conservancy,Beijing 100600;College of Land Science and Technology,China Agriculture University/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Land Quality,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100193)
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第5期1003-1016,共14页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U1706211)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300801)
Craig&Susan Mc Caw Foundation(P120148)
大自然保护协会TNC-先正达“润田项目”(P120473)。
关键词
再生农业
基于自然的解决方案
固碳
土壤健康
土地保护性利用
regenerative agriculture
nature-based solution
carbon sequestration
soil health
conservational land use
