摘要
为筛选紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)在青海东部农业干旱区适宜的播种方法,选用陇东苜蓿、WL343和金皇后3个品种,采用撒播、条播和精量穴播进行二因素随机区组试验。结果表明:1)3个品种间越冬率差异极显著(P<0.01),WL343越冬率达到78.74%,比陇东苜蓿和金皇后分别高7.86%和13.16%;但3种播种方式间越冬率差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)2龄WL343的株高、生长速度和茎叶比与金皇后和陇东苜蓿相比较差异均显著(P<0.05),其单株分枝数与金皇后间差异不显著(P>0.05),但与陇东苜蓿间差异显著(P<0.05);精量穴播处理下苜蓿株高极显著高于条播和撒播处理,单株分枝数与条播无明显差异,与撒播差异明显,茎叶比极显著低于撒播和条播。3)2龄WL343鲜草产量与金皇后相比差异不显著,较陇东苜蓿显著提高了10.57%;精量穴播平均鲜草产量与撒播间差异显著;WL343×精量穴播平均鲜草产量达到39.86 t·hm^(−2),高于其他品种×播种方式的饲草产量。4)WL343粗蛋白含量(19.20%)较金皇后和陇东苜蓿分别高出2.65%和6.12%,粗纤维含量分别低20.41%和7.83%,无氮浸出物比金皇后高出17.23%。综合以上农艺性状和生产性能分析,在青海东部农业干旱区,采用精量穴播种植方式,选取WL343紫花苜蓿品种,其在第2年表现出高的生产性能和饲草品质。
In order to select suitable sowing methods of alfalfa in the arid area of Eastern Qinghai,three alfalfa varieties,Longdong alfalfa,WL343,and Gold empress,were selected and planted using three sowing methods(broadcast sowing,drilling,and precision hole sowing).The results showed that:1)the overwintering rate among the three varieties was significantly different(P<0.01),and the overwintering rate of WL343 was 78.74%,which was 7.86%and 13.16%higher than that of Longdong alfalfa and Gold empress,respectively;there were no significant differences between the three sowing methods(P>0.05).2)There were significant differences in plant height,growth rate,and stem leaf ratio among WL343 and Gold empress and Longdong alfalfa(P<0.05),no significant difference in branch number per plant compared with Gold empress alfalfa,but a significant difference in branch number compared with Longdong alfalfa(P<0.05);the plant height under precision hole sowing method was significantly higher than that of drilling and broadcast sowing and the number of branches per plant was significantly different between precision hole sowing and broadcast sowing.The stem leaf ratio was significantly lower than that of sowing and drilling.3)There was no significant difference between the fresh grass yield of WL343 alfalfa of the second year,and that of Gold empress was 10.57%higher than that of Longdong alfalfa;there was no significant difference between the fresh grass yield of precision hole sowing and drilling,but a significant difference in precision hole sowing and broadcast sowing.The average forage yield of WL343 alfalfa with precision hole sowing was 39.86 t·hm^(−2),which was higher than that of other varieties and among sowing methods.4)The crude protein content of WL343 alfalfa was 19.20%,which was 2.65%and 6.12%higher than that of Gold empress and Longdong alfalfa,respectively,20.41%and 7.83%for crude fiber,and 17.23%higher than Gold empress for nitrogen free extract.Based on the agronomic characteristics and production performance analysi
作者
刚永和
张海博
牛勇
杜江
陈永珑
萨仁花
GANG Yonghe;ZHANG Haibo;NIU Yong;DU Jiang;CHEN Yonglong;Sarenhua(Forestry and Grassland Station,Ledu District,Haidong City,Qinghai Province,Ledu 810700,Qinghai,China;Grassland Station,Ledu District,Haidong City,Qinghai Province,Ledu 810700,Qinghai,China;Qinghai Dongmuwan Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Development Co.,Ltd,Ledu 810700,Qinghai,China)
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期327-334,共8页
Pratacultural Science
基金
青海省企业研究转化与产业化项目“青海东部农区肉牛高效生态养殖模式及可持续发展技术集成与示范(2020-NK-C21)”。
关键词
播种方式
紫花苜蓿
精量穴播
越冬率
茎叶比
粗蛋白
鲜草产量
sowing method
alfalfa
precision hole sowing
overwintering rate
stem leaf ratio
crude protein
forage yield
