摘要
紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)是一种优良的豆科牧草,在我国北方生产过程中存在越冬困难、产草量低和品质不佳等问题,造成巨大的经济损失。本研究以内蒙古自治区四子王旗和武川县种植的‘中草3号’紫花苜蓿为研究对象,通过在初秋进行不同梯度(0,45,90,135和180 kg·hm^(-2))的磷酸二铵处理,探讨不同肥料用量对紫花苜蓿的越冬率、产量和品质的影响。结果表明:苜蓿越冬率和产草量在磷酸二铵施量为90 kg·hm^(-2)较高,而饲草品质在施量为135 kg·hm^(-2)较好;增加株丛密度和提高单枝重可实现产草量的提高;而饲草品质的改善主要表现为CP和EE的增加,ADF和NDF的降低;四子王旗和武川县种植紫花苜蓿获得高产时磷酸二铵的适宜施量分别为96.8 kg·hm^(-2)和86.5 kg·hm^(-2)。适宜的肥料用量可提高苜蓿产草量,并改善饲草品质,但超过一定限度则会降低产量和品质。因此,在具体应用过程中,应因地制宜,根据气候和土壤条件进而确定肥料的适宜用量。
Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)is an important legume forage,and there are difficulties in overwintering,low forage yield and poor nutritive value in production,resulting in huge economic losses.A fertilization field study was conducted in Siziwang County and Wuchuan County in the semi-arid region of central and western Inner Mongolia plateau,to determine the response of winter survival,yield,and nutritive value of alfalfa to different gradients of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate fertilizer(0,45,90,135 and 180 kg·hm^(-2) P 2O 5)applied in early autumn.The results show that the winter survival rate and forage yield of alfalfa were greater at the fertilization rate of 90 kg·hm^(-2),while the forage quality was better at the fertilization rate of 135 kg·hm^(-2);the increase of forage yield was mainly by increasing the plant population density and shoot mass;the improvement of the forage quality was mainly by increasing the CP and EE,reducing the NDF and ADF;as farmers pursue high yields,96.8 kg·hm^(-2)(NH 4)2HPO 4 appeared sufficient to maximize yield in Siziwang County and 86.5 kg·hm^(-2) in Wuchuan County.It could be concluded that the appropriate amount of fertilizer can increase the forage yield of alfalfa and improve the forage quality,but if it exceeds a certain limit,it would reduce the yield and quality.Therefore,the appropriate amount of fertilizer should be determined according to the local climate and soil conditions.
作者
王运涛
孙震
王旗旗
解继红
于林清
薛春风
刘生豪
钟罡
弓艳春
申捷
WANG Yun-tao;SUN Zhen;WANG Qi-qi;XIE Ji-hong;YU Lin-qing;XUE Chun-feng;LIU Sheng-hao;ZHONG Gang;GONG Yan-chun;SHEN Jie(Grassland Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;College of Tourism and Environment,Zhangjiakou University,Zhangjiakou,Hebei Province 075000,China;College of Grassland,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao,Shandong Province 266109,China;School of life science,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Popularization Centre,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China;Inner Mongolia Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010,China)
出处
《草地学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期1902-1910,共9页
Acta Agrestia Sinica
基金
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2019GG260)
内蒙古自治区科技成果转化项目(2019CG041)
内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0176)
呼和浩特市科技计划重大科技专项(2021-重-社-2)
科技创新2030-重大项目(2022ZD0401202)
内蒙古自治区重大专项(2021ZD0031)资助。
关键词
苜蓿
磷酸二铵
越冬
产量
品质
Medicago sativa L.
(NH 4)2HPO 4
Winter survival
Yield
Nutritive value
