摘要
目的分析2016—2018年浙江省杭州市下城区中小学生视力不良现状,为学生视力不良防治策略和措施的制定提供科学依据。方法按照《学生健康检查技术规范》的要求,对下城区2016—2018年所有普通中小学校学生进行视力不良检查和评价。结果2016—2018年下城区中小学生视力不良率依次为62.9%、63.3%和64.0%,呈逐年上升趋势,该趋势主要归因于小学三四年级。小学、初中的女生视力不良率(57.4%、84.0%)高于同年级的男生(51.7%、78.1%)(P<0.05),在高中男生视力不良率(91.1%)"赶上"女生(92.6%)且性别差异不再存在(P>0.05)。视力不良率随年级升高而升高,其中小学三年级至高一增速明显,视力不良率增加约1倍。视力不良程度从小学一年级开始以轻度(27.7%)为主,发展到小学三年级后则以中度(20.5%~26.9%)为主,到小学六年级后则加深到以重度(33.5%~72.4%)为主。结论下城区中小学生视力不良问题严重,应采取综合防控措施进行健康干预,防控关口要前移至学龄前阶段,小学三至四年级学生、女生和青春期学生作为防控关键对象要引起重视。
Objective To explore the status of poor vision among primary and secondary schools students in Xiacheng District of Hangzhou City,and to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and treatment of poor vision.Methods Technical Standard for Physical Examination for Students(GB/T 26343-2010)were used to examine and evaluate poor vision among primary and secondary schools students in Xiacheng District of Hangzhou City from 2016 to 2018.Results The rates of poor vision increased gradually from 2016 to 2018,and were 62.9%,63.3%,64.0%,respectively.And the increase trend was mainly attributed to Grade 3 rd and 4 th.The rates of girls(57.4%,84.0%)in primary and junior middle school were higher than that of boys(51.7%,78.1%)in the same grade(P<0.05),but there was no gender difference among high school students(P>0.05).The rates increased with grade and were double time from Grade3 rd in primary school to Grade 1 st in high school.The degree of poor vision was mainly mild from the first year of primary school(27.1%),then developed to moderate from Grade 3 rd of primary school(20.5%-26.9%),finally developed to severe from Grade 6 th of primary school to final year in high school(33.5%-72.4%).Conclusion The problem of low vision of primary and secondary schools students was serious in Xiacheng District.Comprehensive prevention and intervention should be taken from preschool,especially pay more attention to Grade 3 rd to 4 th of primary school students,girls and adolescent students as the key population of prevention and control.
作者
冯哲伟
戴凤仙
王峥
杨海斌
杨青
FENG Zhe-wei;DAI Feng-xian;WANG Zheng;YANG Hai-bin;YANG Qing(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xiacheng District,Hangzhou 310013,China)
出处
《中国健康教育》
北大核心
2021年第2期117-120,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Education
