摘要
城市空间结构是城乡规划领域持续关注的关键问题,随着交通信息技术的发展和生活工作节奏的加快,海量人群的高频活动迁移带来了城市内在结构的流动变化,在静态物质空间结构的基础上呈现出动态的潮汐波动,如何解析这种结构上的动态变化过程,对于解释城市真实空间变化规律、合理创造未来城市具有重要意义。文章以上海为例,以高精度、大样本的城市全域建筑空间数据和手机信令数据为基础,通过挖掘城市中人群活动与空间形态之间的潜在规律,揭示在城市空间中的人群活动的动态迁移和演化特征;凝练8种基本动态空间模式和6种复合动态空间模式,在分析各项要素变化中揭示城市结构阶梯圈层的耦合关联,建构基于大数据的城市动态结构模式,进而发现人群活动依托基准结构波动的潮汐波动特征,揭示城市变化活动的规律。
Spatial structure is a focus issue in urban and rural planning.With the acceleration of life and work pushed by information technology,the large number of high frequency human activities brings about structural flow of city.It represents a tidal fluctuation in a static physical space structure.An analysis of the structural flow and an explanation of actual space change is significant to creating a reasonable future city.With Shanghai as an example,the paper uses big data of buildings and cellphone signaling,explores the hidden rules of population activity and spatial morphology,and reveals dynamic flow and evolution characters of people’s activities.It concludes 8 basic dynamic models and 6 compound dynamic models,analyzes the connection and interaction of urban structural ladder and circles,and establishes a dynamic urban structural model based on big data so as to reveal the tidal fluctuation by basic structure and rules of people’s activities.
出处
《规划师》
北大核心
2020年第21期64-71,共8页
Planners
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(51838002)。
关键词
大数据
空间形态
城市动态结构
潮汐波动
上海
Big data
Spatial morphology
Urban dynamic structure
Tidal fluctuation
Shanghai
