摘要
“一考定终身”是驱动新高考改革的老大难问题之一,广义的“一考定终身”与“唯分数论”交叉。我国高考招生制度演进中曾尝试用中学“预选”改变单维评价的“一考定取舍”,用春季高考、多次机会克服“单一机会”给学生造成的过重心理压力,用自主招生、“三位一体”等推进综合评价,弥补“一考定终身”“唯分数论”单维评价的缺陷。新高考朝着综合评价、过程评价的方向,形成了破解这一顽疾的组合拳,改革取得了初步成效,也遇到困难和问题。中央深改委会议提出破“五唯”为高校招生破解“一考定终身”难题注入新的动力。改革要深入推进,必须在不同利益相关群体之间求得最大公约数,必须妥善谐调科学选才与公平选才、科学性与可操作性、考试规律与教育教学规律之间的辩证关系,还要把科学思维和工程思维结合起来,把长远目标“求真”和阶段性目标“求优”结合起来,设计“阶段性最优”或“阶段性较优”方案,通过阶段性努力的积聚实现最终目标。
“One test for life”is one of the three big problems driving the new college entrance examination reform.The broad sense of“one test”refers to both“single opportunity”and“single dimension evaluation”.In a narrow sense,“one test for the whole life”is juxtaposed with“score only theory”.In a broad sense,“one test for life”includes“score only theory”.In the evolution of China’s college entrance examination enrollment system,we have tried to change the“one test for choice”which is one-dimensional evaluation with“pre-selection”,overcome the psychological pressure caused by“single opportunity”by spring college entrance examination and multiple opportunities,and promote comprehensive evaluation with independent enrollment and Trinity,so as to make up for the defects of single dimensional evaluation of“one test for life”and“score only theory”.The new college entrance examination has formed a combination of boxing to crack this stubborn disease.The reform has achieved initial results,but also encountered difficulties and problems.Difficulties and problems can be analyzed from the perspectives of fairness,efficiency and burden reduction.In order to further promote the reform,it is necessary to obtain the largest common divisor among different interest groups and draw concentric circles;it is necessary to properly coordinate the dialectical relationship between scientific talent selection and fair talent selection,between scientificity and operability,between examination law and education and teaching law;it is also necessary to combine scientific thinking with engineering thinking,and combine the long-term goal of“truth-seeking”and phased the periodical goal of“excellence seeking”,design the“stage optimal”or“stage better”scheme which not only reflects the education policy of all-round development and quality education concept,reflects the ultimate goal of reform,but also adapts to the current objective and realistic conditions.
作者
边新灿
BIAN Xin-can(Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321019,China)
出处
《教育学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期130-142,共13页
Journal of Educational Studies
基金
国家社科基金“十三五”规划2018年度教育学项目“浙江新高考深化完善方案跟踪与评估研究”(项目编号:BHA180146)研究成果。
关键词
一考定终身
新高考
综合评价
多次机会
“one test for life”
new college entrance examination
comprehensive evaluation
multiple opportunities
