摘要
我国城市照明光污染问题逐年加剧,建筑立面照明过亮是其中重要成因。在众多建筑立面照明手段中,媒体立面是最易引发光污染与光干扰的一种。研究以立面最高亮度、平均亮度和亮度对比为评价因子,对上海、宁波共10栋媒体立面建筑进行了亮度实测与数据评估,重点讨论现行标准与现场主观评价的一致性。结果显示被测指标均满足国标要求但主观评价满意度较低,表明现行标准与人的真实感受存在不一致性。参考视亮度计算方法,研究将立面灯具亮度(LA)与背景街区(建筑)(LB)、背景天空(LC)之间的亮度对比作为评价内容,结果显示此方法下10栋建筑的亮度对比(LA/LB,LA/LC)均大幅超出国标要求,此结论与主观评价结论基本一致,表明新的评价方法对媒体立面照明的亮度控制具有更好的针对性,且能够更有效地反映观察者的真实视觉感受,建议在未来建筑立面灯光评价方法与指标控制中进行参考与使用,以进一步提升评价体系的科学性与完整性。
The risk of urban light pollution has been increasing for years in China in which excessive brightness of building facade is one of the main causes,among which media facade is one of the most critical way that might leading to excessive brightness and visual discomfort.Taking the maximum luminance,average luminance and luminance contrast as evaluation factors,this paper conducts measurements and data evaluation on 10 buildings in Shanghai and Ningbo.Discussions about satisfactions of the national standards and the consistency with the subjective evaluation were made.Results showed that all tested factors meet the requirements of the national standard while the satisfaction of subjective evaluation is low,which shows that current standards are inconsistent with people’s visual reaction.Guided by the real reaction of human eyes,we evaluated the luminance contrast between the lamps and the background buildings and the background sky.Results showed that luminance contrast of 10 buildings under this evaluation method greatly exceeds the requirements of the national standard,which is consistent with the conclusion of subjective satisfaction evaluation.The new evaluation method can reflect reactions of human eyes better and is suggested to be introduced into further evaluation methods of urban lighting,so as to improve the objectivity and integrity of the evaluation system in the future.
作者
冯凯
郝洛西
FENG Kai;HAO Luoxi(College of Architecture and Urban Planning, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of High Density Human Settlements, Ecology and Energy Conservation, Shanghai 200092, China;Key Laboratory of Urban Renewal and Spatial Optimization Technology of Shanghai, Shanghai 200092, China)
出处
《照明工程学报》
2021年第1期87-97,共11页
China Illuminating Engineering Journal
关键词
媒体立面照明
亮度指标
视亮度
评估优化
media facade lighting
luminance index
brightness
assessment optimization
