摘要
目的:探讨中国女性乳腺癌发病相关的可控的危险因素和保护因素。方法:检索国内外数据库收录的所有关于中国女性乳腺癌发病相关因素的病例对照研究,发表时间为2009–2019年。由2位研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究文献的质量,采用Stata 12.0软件进行Meta分析。结果:25篇病例对照研究入选,累计乳腺癌病例10054例,对照12620例。Meta分析结果显示,月经初潮年龄≥14岁〔0.55(0.27,1.11)〕、绝经状态〔0.99(0.69,1.42)〕、生育史〔0.96(0.68,1.37)〕与中国女性乳腺癌发病无关。与对照组人群相比,乳腺癌家族史〔3.44(2.23,5.31)〕、肿瘤家族史〔2.27(1.67,3.10)〕、良性乳腺疾病史〔4.00(2.702,5.93)〕、月经不规律〔1.96(1.56,2.44)〕、流产〔2.018(1.412,2.885)〕、未母乳喂养〔1.39(1.27,1.54)〕、口服避孕药〔1.575(1.11,2.234)〕、吸烟〔2.2(1.71,2.83)〕、被动吸烟〔1.537(1.22,1.936)〕、饮酒〔1.57(1.28,1.92)〕、缺乏体育锻炼〔1.49(1.35,1.64)〕、超重〔体质量指数(BMI)≥24)〕〔1.264(1.07,1.494)〕、肥胖(BMI≥28)〔1.79(1.344,2.383)〕是中国女性乳腺癌发病的高危因素,其中吸烟、饮酒、超重及肥胖、口服避孕药、母乳喂养、体育锻炼为女性乳腺癌可控危险因素。结论:为了降低中国女性乳腺癌的发病风险,应从改变人群暴露于可控的因素方面进行,如加强体育锻炼、控制吸烟饮酒、避免口服避孕药、控制体质量的等多方面采取有效的措施。
Objective To explore the modifiable risk factors and protective factors associated with breast cancer in Chinese women.Methods Case-control studies about factors associated with breast cancer in Chinese women were searched in databases at home and abroad,published from 2009 to 2019.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Then,Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software.Results 25 studies involving 10054 breast cancer patients and 12620 controls were finally included.The Meta,analysis showed that the age of menarche≥14 years〔0.55(0.27,1.11)〕,menopause〔0.99(0.69,1.42)〕and childbearing〔0.96(0.68,1.37)〕were not associated with breast cancer,but family history of breast cancer〔3.44(2.23,5.31)〕,family history of cancer〔2.27(1.67,3.10)〕,benign breast disease〔4.00(2.702,5.93)〕,irregular menstruation〔1.96(1.56,2.44)〕,abortion〔2.018(1.412,2.885)〕,no breastfeeding〔1.39(1.27,1.54)〕,oral contraceptive(OC)〔1.575(1.11,2.234)〕,smoking〔2.2(1.71,2.83)〕,passive smoking〔1.537(1.22,1.936)〕,alcohol intake〔1.57(1.28,1.92)〕,lack of physical activity〔1.49(1.35,1.64)〕,overweight(BMI≥24)〔1.264(1.07,1.494)〕and obesity(BMI≥28)〔1.79(1.344,2.383)〕were high risk factors for breast cancer.Among them,smoking,drinking,overweight and obesity,oral contraceptives,breastfeeding and physical exercise are controllable risk factors for breast cancer in women.Conclusion In order to reduce the risk of breast cancer in Chinese women,effective measures should be taken to change the population exposure to controllable factors,such as strengthening physical exercise,controlling smoking and drinking,avoiding oral contraceptives,and controlling weight.
作者
陈文娟
王邦龙
王忠
汤磊
庄峰
CHEN Wen-juan;WANG Bang-long;WANG Zhong;TANG Lei;ZHUANG Feng(Medical College of Shihezi University,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000;The Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps/the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Medical College,Shihezi University,Xinjiang Urumqi 830002)
出处
《深圳中西医结合杂志》
2020年第24期14-19,共6页
Shenzhen Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine
基金
兵团财政科技计划项目资助课题(2019AB033)。
