摘要
明清以来,在曹学佺、顾炎武、朱筠、曹溶、周永年等人的推动下,中国的藏书理念开始由官私藏书转向公共藏书。嘉庆年间,阮元在公共藏书理念的影响下,于灵隐、焦山创建了两座初具公共图书馆性质的书藏,预示着官私藏书走向公共藏书的实践转向。此后,书藏逐渐从江南地区的寺院扩展到书院,又被方浚颐、梁鼎芬等从江南引入广东,完成了由北向南的地域扩散。直至20世纪末,康有为、李端棻、梁启超等将"开大书藏"作为改良运动的核心内容,形成了以募捐办书藏、以书藏兴学会、以学会促改革的变革步骤,使得书藏一时风靡全国、得以与西方文化相交会,并促成了中国近代新式藏书思想的诞生。可见,书藏制度与文化一直引领着清代以来藏书史内在变革的潮流。以"书藏"的发展、演变为线索,可以清晰地勾勒出一条中国藏书史近代转向的内在理路。
Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties,with the promotion of Cao Xuequan,Gu Yanwu,Zhu Yun,Cao Rong,and Zhou Yongnian,the concept of book collection in China began to shift from official and private collections to public collections.During the Jiaqing period,under the influence of the concept of public collections,Ruan Yuan established two Shu-cangs in Lingyin and Dinghui temples separetely,which had tendency of public libraries.These two Shu-cangs heralded the actual transformation of official and private collections into public collections.And then,the Shu-cang had gradually expanded from monasteries to academia,as well as introduced to Guangdong from Jiangnan by Fang Junyi and Liang Dingfen,completing the geographical spread from north to south.Until the end of the twentieth century,Kang Youwei,Li Duanfen,Liang Qichao and others all took Kaida Shu-cang as the core content of the reform movement,which had formed the reform steps of building Shu-cang by donation,prospering institution by Shu-cang,promoting reformation by institution.The reform movement had made Shu-cang swept through the country as well as engaged with western culture,which gave birth to a new type of modern Chinese book collection.It can be seen that since the Qing Dynasty,the Shu-cang system and culture had been leading the trend of internal changes in the history of Chinese collections.If we take the development and evolution of Shu-cang as a clue,we can clearly outline the inner logic for the modern transition of China s book collection history.
出处
《大学图书馆学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期116-126,共11页
Journal of Academic Libraries
关键词
书藏
中国藏书史
近代转向
内在理路
Shu-cang
China s Book Collection History
Modern Transition
Inner Logic
