摘要
目的了解成都市中老年人骨密度水平现状,并分析其影响因素。方法随机抽样选取四川省人民医院体检中心健康体检人群共1954例。采用问卷调查收集人口学资料、慢性病史、饮食、运动等情况,现场测量指骨骨密度。结果随着年龄增长,骨密度水平明显下降,且同年龄段的女性骨密度水平低于男性(P<0.05)。男性年龄>65岁、女性年龄>55岁时骨量丢失超过12%。单因素分析显示,年龄、性别、高血压病、糖尿病、饮酒、吸烟、运动、晒太阳,以及饮牛奶、咖啡、茶、碳酸饮料与骨密度水平有关。多重线性回归分析显示,糖尿病、吸烟、经常饮咖啡或茶是骨密度下降的危险因素(P<0.05)。经常运动、饮牛奶、晒太阳是骨密度下降的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论骨密度水平受多种因素影响,经常运动、饮牛奶、晒太阳可缓解骨密度下降,维持血糖稳定、戒烟、少饮咖啡和茶有助于预防骨质疏松,应加强高危人群健康教育。
Objective To understand the current status of bone mineral density level in middle-aged and elderly people in Chengdu,and to analyze its influencing factors.Methods A random sample of 1954 healthy people from the physical examination center of Sichuan People′s Hospital was selected.A questionnaire survey was used to collect demographic data,chronic medical history,diet,exercise,and other conditions.The phalanx bone mineral density was collected by on-site measurement.Results With the increase of age,bone mineral density decreased significantly,and the bone mineral density of females in the same age group was lower than that of males(P<0.05).The bone mass loss exceeded 12%when the males were>65 years old and females were>55 years old.Univariate analysis showed that age,gender,hypertension,diabetes,alcohol consumption,smoking,exercise,sun exposure and drinking milk,coffee,tea and carbonated beverages were associated with the level of bone mineral density.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that diabetes,smoking and regular drinking of coffee or tea were risk factors for the decrease of bone mineral density(P<0.05).Regular exercise,drinking milk and sun exposure were protective factors for bone mineral density(P<0.05).Conclusion Bone mineral density level is affected by various factors.Regular exercise,drinking milk and sun exposure can relieve the decrease of bone mineral density.Maintaining blood glucose stability,quitting smoking and drinking less coffee and tea can help to prevent osteoporosis.It is necessary to strengthen health education for high-risk population.
作者
刘影
刘玉萍
LIU Ying;LIU Yuping(Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences&Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,Health Management Center,Chengdu,Sichuan 610072,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2021年第1期153-157,共5页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
基金
四川省卫生厅科研课题(130136)。
关键词
骨质疏松症
骨密度
中老年人
危险因素
Osteoporosis
Bone mineral density
Middle-aged and elderly people
Risk factors
