摘要
目的评估环境因素与近视的关联,探讨影响不同年级学生近视患病率差异的因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样的方法,2018年抽取苏州小学一年级和初中一至三年级学生456名,采用现场眼科检查(包括远视力检查和散瞳睫状肌麻痹验光)和问卷调查相结合的方法。调查问卷收集近视相关危险因素。结果与小学一年级学生(22.4%)相比,初中一至三年级学生(初一82.0%、初二88.8%、初三88.5%)近视率更高(P<0.05)。调整性别、父母近视、课后读写时间、每天户外活动时间、视屏时间和睡眠时间,初中一至三年级学生的近视超额患病率分别降低38.14%、38.62%和21.28%。结论环境因素在苏州学生的近视进程中起了重要作用,近视防控过程中应增加学生户外时间,减少视屏时间。
Objective To assess the relationship between environmental factors and myopia so as to explore the factors influencing the differences in the prevalence rates of myopia of students from different grades.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 456 students in first grade of elementary schools and seventh-ninth grades of junior middle schools in Suzhou City in 2018.On-site ophthalmic examination(including distance vision test and cycloplegic refraction)was performed,and questionnaire surveys were conducted to collect the risk factors related to myopia.Results Students in seventh,eighth and ninth grades of junior middle schools had higher prevalence rates of myopia as compared with students in first grade of elementary schools(82.0%vs.22.4%,88.8%vs.22.4%,88.5%vs.22.4%,all P<0.05).After adjustment for gender,parental myopia,time of reading and writing after school,time of outdoor activity,time of watching videos and sleeping time per day,the excess prevalence rates of myopia in students in seventh,eighth and ninth grades of junior middle schools reduced by 38.14%,38.62% and 21.28%,respectively.Conclusions Environmental factors play important roles in the development of myopia in Suzhou students.As for myopia prevention and control,outdoor activities should be increased and time spent watching videos should be decreased.
作者
胡佳
王瑛
沈蕙
杨海兵
HU Jia;WANG Ying;SHEN Hui;YANG Hai-bing(Suzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215004,China;School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430030,China)
出处
《实用预防医学》
CAS
2021年第1期53-56,共4页
Practical Preventive Medicine
基金
江苏省卫生健康委科研项目(Y2018030)
苏州市科技发展计划(民生科技)项目(SYS2019115)。
关键词
学生
近视
环境
户外活动
视屏
时间
student
myopia
environment
outdoor activity
watching video,time
