摘要
【目的】分析和阐述上海市癌症流行现况及防治实践。【方法】数据来源于上海市恶性肿瘤病例报告登记系统,按地区、性别分层,分别计算恶性肿瘤发病与死亡粗率、标化率等,并应用Joinpoint统计软件分析1973—2015年期间市区癌症发病和死亡趋势。【结果】本市户籍居民2015年共诊断新发癌症病例71610例,癌症粗发病率为497.3/10万,标化发病率为228.8/10万。2015年全市户籍居民中有38445人因癌症而死亡,死亡率为267.0/10万,标化死亡率为96.0/10万。总体癌症发病和死亡平均诊断年龄较大,分别为64.5岁和72.2岁。1973—2015年期间,上海市区男性所有部位癌症的标化发病率整体呈显著下降趋势,年度变化百分比(APC)为-0.22%,女性癌症标化发病率整体呈上升趋势,APC为0.97%。同期,上海市区男性和女性所有部位恶性肿瘤的死亡率呈持续下降趋势,APC分别为-1.42%和-1.09%。40年期间,上海市区居民发病癌谱和死亡癌谱发生了明显变化。【结论】癌症监测数据为癌症防治策略制定和效果评估等提供了重要依据。上海市以癌症监测数据为基础,遵循癌症三级预防策略,开展癌症相关防治实践工作,健康教育与健康促进贯穿整个癌症防治过程中,取得一定成效。由于人口老龄化和癌谱变化等因素,未来癌症病例数和存活患者数将继续增长,应根据癌症负担、危险因素变化、适宜技术发展等动态制定癌症控制规划和行动,建立高效的癌症防治体系,以最终实现癌症防治中长期目标。
[Objective]To investigate epidemiology of cancer and to describe the prevention and control of cancer in Shanghai.[Methods]The data were collected from the Shanghai Cancer Registry.Cancer incidence and mortality were analyzed,stratified by sex and region.Joinpoint software was used to illustrate the incidence and mortality trends during 1973-2015 in urban Shanghai.[Results]The reported incident cases and deaths of cancers were 71610 and 38445 in 2015 of Shanghai,respectively.The crude incidence in Shanghai Cancer Registry was 497.3/100000 and the ASR was 228.8/100000.The crude mortality was 267.0/100000 and the ASR was 96.0/100000.In total,the incidence of all the cancers in urban Shanghai decreased significantly(annual percent change,APC-0.22%)from 1973 through 2015 for males,whereas it increased significantly(APC 0.97%)for females.In the whole period,the mortality decreased significantly for both males(APC-1.42%)and females(APC-1.09%).The cancer spectrum for incidence and mortality changed substantially in the forty years.[Conclusion]Cancer registration data may provide evidence for strategy development and assessment for cancer prevention and control.In Shanghai,we have established the strategies and implemented the control and prevention,in which health education and health promotion was integrated,based on the cancer registration data.With the aging of the population and the changing trend of cancer spectrum,the number of incident cancer cases and the cancer survivors will continue to grow up.To achieve the middle-and long-term goals,it is important to inform the strategies according to the disease burden,related risk factors,and the development of appropriate technologies,and to improve the effective cancer prevention and control system in Shanghai.
作者
鲍萍萍
吴春晓
BAO Ping-ping;WU Chun-xiao(Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200336,China)
出处
《上海预防医学》
CAS
2020年第11期955-962,共8页
Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
上海市第四轮公共卫生三年行动计划慢病重点学科项目(15GWZK0801)
上海自然人群和大肠癌筛查人群多组学生物特征图谱及大肠癌风险评估研究(18401933403)。
关键词
发病率
死亡率
趋势
癌症防治
上海
incidence
mortality
trends
cancer control and prevention
Shanghai
