摘要
三乙烯二胺分别与正溴代十二、十四、十六烷反应获得单季铵盐,再与氯乙酸乙酯反应,经碱性水解、纯化后获得一类新型杂表面活性剂2-(4-烷基-1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷)乙酸盐溴化物(结构式为BrCnH2n+1N(CH2CH2)3 NCH2COO,n=12,14,16,命名为3a,3b,3c),总收率分别为78.8%,80.6%和83.0%(以三乙烯二胺计)。采用NMR,ESI-MS和FT-IR表征了结构,并研究了其表面性能和热力学参数。结果表明:298.15 K下,电导率法测定了3a,3b和3c的cmc值分别为0.627,0.576和0.502 mmol/L(经验方程为:cmc=1.0053–0.03125 n);悬滴法测定了γcmc分别为38.23,37.83和36.65 mN/m(经验方程为γcmc=43.10–0.395 n);其Krafft点分别为6,10和13℃,温度适应范围广;起泡性和泡沫稳定性良好,其中3c的起始泡高为100 mm,30 min后降至61 mm;其乳化时间分别为260,348和485 s。由热力学参数计算表明,胶束形成是一种熵驱动的自发放热过程。
Triethylene diamine reacted with n-bromodecodecyl,tetradecane and cetane to obtain monoquaternary ammonium salt,and then reacted with ethyl chloroacetate to obtain a series of novel hetero surfactants(structural formula as BrCnH2n+1N(CH2CH2)3NCH2COO,n=12,14,16,named 3a,3b,3c)after alkaline hydrolysis and purification,with the total yield of 78.8%,80.6%and 83.0%(based on triethylene diamine),respectively.The structure was characterized by NMR,ESI-MS and FT-IR,and their surface properties and thermodynamic parameters were studied.The results showed that at 298.15K,the cmc values of 3a,3b,3c are 0.627,0.576 and 0.502 mmol/L by the conductivity method(the empirical equation is cmc=1.0053-0.03125 n);theγcmc values are 38.23,37.83 and 36.65 mN/m by the hanging drop method(the empirical equation isγcmc=43.10-0.395 n);the Krafft points are 6,10 and 13℃,respectively.The temperature adaptation range is wide.The foaming and foam stability are good,in which the initial foam height of 3c is 100 mm and it drops to 61 mm after 30 min.The emulsification time are 260,348,and 485 s,respectively.The calculation of thermodynamic parameters showed that the formation of micelles is an entropy-driven spontaneous exothermic process.
作者
储佳乐
潘忠稳
宣俊
王翰斌
CHU Jia-le;PAN Zhong-wen;XUAN Jun;WANG Han-bin(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei,Anhui 230601,China)
出处
《日用化学工业》
CAS
北大核心
2021年第1期21-27,共7页
China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics
关键词
三乙烯二胺
杂表面活性剂
表面性能
热力学参数
triethylene diamine
hetero surfactant
surface properties
thermodynamic parameters
