摘要
【目的】分析不同凤梨品种叶缘变化规律,探讨叶刺性状在无性繁殖过程中的稳定性。【方法】以4种凤梨属植物共计14个栽培品种为材料,调查叶缘类型、叶刺形态,并以2个不同叶缘类型的品种为材料比较吸芽繁殖和组培繁殖对叶缘性状稳定性的影响。【结果】根据叶刺着生的位置、密度和有刺叶片所占比例等差异,可将凤梨植株的叶缘划分为完全无刺、仅叶尖有刺、偶尔有刺、偶尔无刺和全株有刺等5种类型;进而将凤梨品种划分为全株有刺、完全无刺和中间类型3类。全株有刺、完全无刺类型品种无论以吸芽繁殖还是组培繁殖,其后代叶缘类型稳定;而中间类型品种的无性繁殖后代则叶缘性状不稳定,即使以中间类型品种中完全无刺的吸芽进行繁殖,后代中仍然会出现仅叶尖有刺、偶尔有刺、偶尔无刺等3种叶缘类型的植株。叶刺是由叶片细胞向外延伸而形成,表面由一层较厚角质层所包裹,向上弯曲呈钩状,开张角度22°~55°,间距1.99~9.72 mm,长1.14~2.46 mm。将中间类型品种‘MD-2’中的全株无刺类型植株通过"以芽繁芽"方式增殖8~10代时,所得组培植株的叶缘有刺率平均4.3%;若不加选择地使用无刺或有刺的吸芽进行组培,8~10代时有刺率达47.78%,有刺率与田间吸芽繁殖情况没有显著差异。【结论】按叶缘状况可将凤梨属品种划分为全株有刺、完全无刺和中间类型3个种,无性繁殖时中间类型品种的叶缘性状不稳定。
【Objective】Ananas comosus is an important tropical fruit tree whose leaves have spines or no spines.The solid leaf spines are inconvenient for field management and are regarded as an important index to evaluate the economic characters of pineapple cultivars.In this paper,the characteristics of spines in pineapple leaves and variations in leaf margins were analyzed and the effect of asexual propagation on traits of leaf margins was observed in order to provide a reference for pineapple seedling cultivation.【Methods】The leaf margin types and leaf spine morphology were inspected in 14 cultivars from 4 species of Bromeliades.The structures of leaf spines of 5 cultivars including‘Shenwan’and‘MD-2’were observed with freehand sections.The stem tips from different leaf margin types of the cultivars‘Shenwan’and‘MD-2’were taken as explants,and young stems were obtained from the axillary buds on MS medium after about 30 days.The young stems were transferred to MS+2.0 mg·L^-16-BA+0.1mg·L^-1 NAA solid medium for proliferation,and then transferred to MS+0.5 mg·L^-16-BA+0.1 mg·L^-1 NAA solid medium.The effects on the stability of leaf edge characters between the sucker and tissue cultured seedlings were compared.【Results】According to the differences in the locations,densities and proportions of the leaf spines,the pineapple leaf margins could be divided into 5 types:①completely spineless,②spiny only at tip,③occasionally spiny,④occasionally spineless and⑤spiny.The cultivars were further divided into three categories:spiny,completely spineless and intermediate types.Most cultivars were intermediate type and only very few were completely spiny,but‘Yellow Mauritius’and‘Shenwan’,which account for nearly 90%cultivated area in China,were both spiny.The observation of the freehand sections showed that pineapple leaf spines were formed by the outward extension of leaf cells,surrounded by a thick stratum corneum with smooth surface,curving upward like a hook with a sharp apex.The size,ope
作者
李晶晶
何业华
栾爱萍
胡峰
曾晶
刘朝阳
张伟
吴竞
薛彪
韩玉琴
刘国华
LI Jingjing;HE Yehua;LUAN Aiping;HU Feng;ZENG Jing;LIU Chaoyang;ZHANG Wei;WU Jing;XUE Biao;HAN Yuqin;LIU Guohua(College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China;Guangdong Jinzuo Agricultural Technology Co.,LTD.,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第1期82-89,共8页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
广东省重点领域研发计划(2018B020202011)
国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD1000504、2019YFD1000505)
广东省级乡村振兴战略专项(2019-73)。
关键词
凤梨
叶缘类型
叶刺
组培繁殖
稳定性
Pineapple
Leaf margin type
Nettle leaves
Tissue culture propagation
Stability
