摘要
为了掌握重庆市犬瘟热(CD)流行病学情况,2019年在重庆市7家宠物诊疗机构进行门诊病例调查统计。结果表明:在5 047只病犬中,确诊CD的病例数为412只,发病率8.16%。各个年龄段的犬均可发病,其中以3~12月龄发病率最高,占CD发病总数的60.19%;12月龄以后的犬,月龄越大发病率越低。CD在品种之间表现明显差异,纯种犬发病占发病总数的65.05%,明显高于杂交犬。CD发病存在明显的季节性,主要发生在2~4月份和10~12月份。不同免疫状况对犬瘟热发病和治愈率也有较大影响,未免疫的犬发病较多,占发病总数的75%,发病后治愈率为15.86%;已完成3次免疫的犬发病为11.17%,治愈率为78.26%。环境改变导致应激反应的产生,特别是幼犬,环境改变后1个月以内,犬瘟热发病概率大增,占CD发病总数的62.38%。在CD的6种临床病型中,以呼吸道、消化道和混合型最常见,占CD发病总数的68.19%;神经型最低,仅占9.95%。为了有效防治犬瘟热的发生,应加强犬只管理,适时免疫接种,降低发病率;密切关注可疑病例,尽早发现,及时治疗,提高该病的治愈率。
In order to understand the epidemiology of canine distemper(CD) in Chongqing, seven pet clinics in Chongqing were investigated in 2019. The results showed that in 5 047 dogs, 412 cases were diagnosed as CD, with a 8.16% incidence rate. All age groups of dogs were able to develop the disease, with the highest incidence rate of 3~12 months, accounting for 60.19% of the total CD incidence. The incidence rate of dogs with age of 12-month-old was lower after the age of the month. The incidence of CD was 65.05% in purebred dogs, which was significantly higher than that in hybrid dogs. In addition, the incidence of CD was seasonal, mainly occurred in February to April and October to December. Different immune status also had a great impact on the incidence and cure rate of canine distemper. The incidence of non immunized digs was more, accounting for 75% of the total number of cases. The cure rate was 15.86% after the onset, and 11.17% and 78.26% respectively in dogs that had completed three times of immunization. Environmental changes lead to stress response, especially in young dogs. Within one month after environmental change, the incidence of canine distemper increased greatly, accounting for 62.38% of the total number of CD cases. Among the six clinical types of CD, respiratory tract, digestive tract and mixed type were the most common, accounting for 68.19% of the total number of CD, and the nerve type was the lowest, accounting for only 9.95%. Therefore, in order to prevent and control canine distemper effectively, we should strengthen the management of dogs, timely immunize, reduce the incidence rate, pay close attention to suspicious cases, find out and treat them as soon as possible, and improve the cure rate of the disease.
作者
杨忠明
鲁玲华
Yang Zhongming;Lu Linghua(School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering,Yangtze Normal University,Chongqing 408100;Department of Biological Engineering,XiangXi Vocational and Technical College For Nationalities,Hunan Jishou 416007)
出处
《现代畜牧兽医》
2020年第12期47-50,共4页
Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine
关键词
重庆地区
犬瘟热
流行病学
调查
Chongqing area
Canine distemper
Epidemiology
Investigation
