摘要
樱桃植原体病害是近年来发现的严重危害樱桃产业的病害之一,2020年3月,在毕节市大方县首次发现樱桃植原体病害,对全市樱桃产业构成威胁。通过对大方县7个樱桃种植乡镇的2978.7 hm2樱桃林进行调查,发现有153.4hm2发生植原体病害,其中零星发生66.7hm2,轻度发生66.7hm2,重度发生20hm2。幼林和成林均有发生,分布在果瓦乡、黄泥塘镇和猫场镇。大方县发现的樱桃植原体病害症状主要表现为花器官变异,丛生,不挂果或僵果,植株黄化、早衰及枯死等,以花变叶和花变绿最多。病程表现为春季初萌叶片偏小、畸形,盛花期出现花器官变异症状,坐果期果实小、僵果、植株黄化,落叶期提前落叶,树势衰弱,枝条逐渐干枯。樱桃植原体病害短距离主要依靠昆虫传播、嫁接传播、寄生性植物传播,长距离主要依靠调运传播,应从加大宣传,强化监测,加强检疫封堵,防治媒介昆虫,进行病树处理等方面对樱桃植原体病害进行综合防控。
Phytoplasma disease of cherry was one of the most serious diseases in cherry industry in recent years.In March 2020,phytoplasma disease of cherry was discovered for the first time in Dafang County of Bijie City,which posed a threat to the cherry industry in the city.Based on the investigation of 2978.7 hm2 cherry forest in 7 cherry planting towns of Dafang County,it was found that 153.4 hm2 cherry forest had phytoplasma disease,of which 66.7 hm2 was sporadic,66.7 hm2 was mild,and 20 hm2 was severe.Both young and mature forests occur in Guowa Township,Huangnitang town and Maochang town.The main symptoms of phytoplasma disease of cherry in Dafang County were variation of flower organs,clumping,no fruit or dead fruit,yellowing,premature senescence and death of plants.The most common symptoms of phytoplasma disease were flowers turning to leaves and flowers turning to green.Its pathogenesis was shown that the leaves of early spring sprout were small and deformed,and the flower organ variation appeared in the blooming stage.The fruits in fruit setting stage were small,stiff and the plants were yellow.The leaves fall early in the defoliation period,the tree was weak,and the branches were gradually dried up.Phytoplasma disease of cherry mainly depends on insect transmission,grafting transmission and parasitic plant transmission in short distance,and mainly depends on dispatch and transportation in long distance.Therefore,comprehensive prevention and control of phytoplasma disease of cherry should be carried out from the aspects of increasing publicity,strengthening monitoring,strengthening quarantine and blocking,controlling vector insects,and treating diseased trees.
作者
万艳
王方
郑红军
王晓霞
贺福元
喻三鹏
邱建生
WAN Yan;WANG Fang;ZHENG Hong-jun;WANG Xiao-xia;HE Fu-yuan;YU San-peng;QIU Jian-Sheng(Station of Forest Pest Management and Quarantine of Bijie,Bijie,Guizhou 551700;Forest Bureau of Dafang,Dafang,Guizhou,551800;Guizhou universty,Guiyang,Guizhou,550005;Guizhou Academy of Forestry Guiyang,Guiyang,Ghuizhou 550011)
出处
《贵州林业科技》
2020年第4期34-38,共5页
Guizhou Forestry Science and Technology
基金
贵州省重要经济树种生物影响因子调控技术研究科技创新人才团队项目(黔科合平台人才[2018]5610)
高层次创新人才培养计划“百”层次人才项目(合同编辑:黔科合平台从才[2016]5669)。
关键词
樱桃
植原体
病害
贵州
综合防控
Cherry
Phytoplasma
Disease
Guizhou
Integrated management and control
