摘要
2020年辽宁秋收作物生长季内,农业气象条件偏差,主要表现为热量条件基本充足,水分条件总体充足,但降水量呈现出多—少—多的时间分布特点和辽西地区大部偏少、其他地区偏多的空间分布特点。农业气象灾害种类多,单灾种影响范围广、程度较重,主要表现为作物需水关键期大部地区遭遇伏旱,辽西—辽北地区为严重伏旱;籽粒灌浆期,各地出现农田渍涝,强降水、大风、台风引发高秆作物倒伏。病虫害偏晚发生,总体影响轻,但辽西局地重发,东南部地区首次出现草地贪夜蛾成虫。实地调查显示,全省玉米减产,伏旱为主要原因,大部地区玉米减产,辽西西部-辽西中部地区玉米减产严重,作物生长后期的降水对旱区玉米产量恢复和中部平原以南地区增产作用明显。
During the growing season of autumn harvest crops in Liaoning in 2020,the agro-meteorological conditions were deviated.The main manifestations were that the heat and the moisture conditions were generally sufficient,but the precipitation showed a more-less-more time distribution,and the precipitation in the majority of western Liaoning was less and other regions were more which was the spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation.There were many types of agro-meteorological disasters,and every single-hazard had a wide range and severe degree.It was mainly manifested as a summer drought in most regions during the critical period of crop water demand,and severe summer drought in western Liaoning and northern Liaoning;during the grain filling period,farmland waterlogging occurred in every city.Severe rainfall,strong winds,and typhoons had caused tall crops to fall.The diseases and insect pests occurred late,their overall impacts were light,but recurrences occurred in western Liaoning.The adults of Spodoptera frugiperda appeared firstly in the southeast Liaoning.Field investigation showed that the decrease of maize yield in the whole province was mainly due to the summer drought,and the maize yields in most cities were reduced.The western part and the central part in western Liaoning were severely reduced.The precipitation in the later stage of crop growth had a significant effect on the recovery of maize yield in summer drought regions and the increase in the south of the central plain.
作者
王贺然
张琪
陈鹏狮
黄岩
赵明
李琳琳
Wang He-ran(Ecological Meteorology and Satellite Remote Sensing Center of Liaoning Province,Shenyang,Liaoning 110166)
出处
《农业灾害研究》
2020年第6期117-123,共7页
Journal of Agricultural Catastrophology
基金
中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所区域合作项目(2020SYIAEHZ1)
中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所区域合作项目(2020SYIAEZD3)
东北区域气象中心科技创新联合攻关任务合作项目(2019QYLH3)
辽宁省科技厅农业攻关及产业化项目(2017210001)
辽宁省气象局科研课题(BA202008)。
关键词
辽宁省
生长季
气象条件
Liaoning province
Growing season
Agro-meteorological conditions
