摘要
针对现有三维前视声呐存在二维方位估计性能差、系统复杂度高的问题,本文提出一种一维和Vernier联合方位估计算法。基于二维稀疏声呐基阵模型,由3个阵元间距互质的均匀线阵构成,因而相比二维面阵,阵元数大大降低;通过引入一维方位估计方法完成空间角预估计以替代直接二维方位估计方案,保证了前视声呐系统具备三维探测及较低计算复杂度的需求;依据子阵间的互质特性,采用Vernier法消除相位模糊;根据三维空间几何关系和最小角定理,完成目标二维方位估计。仿真实验表明:所提出的算法具有较低的计算复杂度,且二维方位估计性能稍优于2D波束形成算法;水池和外场实测数据表明:所提出方法能够准确估计目标在三维空间中的方位,工程实用性强。
To solve the problems of the poor performance of two-dimensional(2D)direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation and the high systematic complexity of three-dimensional(3D)forward-looking sonar,we propose a one-dimensional(1D)and Vernier combined DOA estimation(ODVACDE)algorithm.This algorithm is based on a 2D sparse sonar array model composed of three uniform linear arrays with coprime element spacing.The number of array elements is greatly reduced compared with the 2D plane array.Second,we introduce a 1D DOA estimation method for estimating the spatial angle instead of the direct 2D estimation scheme.This ensures that the forward-looking sonar system has 3D detection ability and low computational complexity.Third,we adopt the Vernier method to resolve the phase ambiguity problem based on the coprime property of the subarray spacing.Finally,2D DOA estimation is successfully achieved based on the geometry relation of 3D space and the minimum angle theorem.Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm has lower computational complexity and its 2D DOA estimation performance is better than that of the 2D beamforming algorithm.The process of measurement data in the tank and lake demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can accurately estimate the DOA of the target in 3D space and thus has good engineering practicability.
作者
周天
沈嘉俊
陈宝伟
周曹韵
李海森
王楠
ZHOU Tian;SHEN Jiajun;CHEN Baowei;ZHOU Caoyun;LI Haisen;WANG Nan(Acoustic Science and Technology Laboratory,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Information Acquisition and Security(Harbin Engineering University),Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin 150001,China;College of Underwater Acoustic Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;No.719 Research Institute of China Shipbuilding Industry Corporation,Wuhan 430064,China)
出处
《哈尔滨工程大学学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第10期1450-1456,共7页
Journal of Harbin Engineering University
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(U1709203,41976176)
国家重点研发计划(2018YFF01013401)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3072020CFT0501)
黑龙江省博士后科研发展基金(LBH-Q18042).
关键词
三维前视声呐
二维方位估计
稀疏阵
Vernier法
最小角定理
波束形成
相位差
计算复杂度
three-dimensional(3D)forward-looking sonar
two-dimensional(2D)direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation
spare array
Vernier method
minimum angle theorem
beamforming
phase difference
computational complexity
