摘要
与工业化初期的进口替代战略不同,工业化后期国产替代的基本方向是由关键核心技术所支撑的核心材料、核心部件、核心设备、核心工艺和核心算法等“五核”领域。当前,受中美“科技脱钩”和新冠肺炎疫情等非经济性冲击,致使全球供应链面临前所未有的现实及潜在威胁,国产替代的首要逻辑正从效益逻辑转向安全逻辑,中国亟需通过国产替代构建自主可控的供应链,有效防范和化解产业链风险。仅凭政府政策或市场机制都不足以获得在高技术领域的竞争优势,推进国产替代应在市场经济中更好地发挥产业政策的引导作用。产业政策的引导作用集中体现在动员企业进入相关细分行业、增强企业研发动力和研发能力、缓解企业融资瓶颈以及拓宽企业市场应用空间等4个方面。
Different from the import substitution strategy in the early stage of industrialization,the basic direction of domestic substitution in the late stages of industrialization is the core materials,core components,core equipment,core processes and core algorithms supported by the key core technologies.The global supply chain is facing unprecedented realistic and potential threats due to the non-economic impacts such as the"science and technology decoupling"between China and the US and the COVID-19 epidemic.At present,the primary logic of domestic substitution is shifting from benefit logic to safety logic.China urgently needs to build an independent and controllable supply chain through domestic substitution,so as to effectively prevent and defuse industrial chain risks.Government policies or market mechanisms alone are not enough to gain a competitive advantage in the high-tech field.Promoting domestic substitution should better play the guiding role of industrial policy in the market economy.The guiding role of industrial policies is embodied in four aspects:mobilizing companies to enter relevant sub-sectors,enhancing their R&D motivation and capabilities,alleviating their financing bottlenecks,and expanding their market application space.
作者
于畅
邓洲
YU Chang;DENG Zhou(Institute of Industrial Economics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100836,China;Collaborative Development Think Tank,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100836,China)
出处
《北京工业大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第1期55-62,共8页
Journal of Beijing University of Technology (Social Sciences Edition)
基金
中国社会科学院创新工程“工业技术赶超的战略与路径研究”项目(GJSCX2018-01)。
关键词
国产替代
关键核心技术
全球供应链
供应链安全
产业政策
domestic substitution
key core technology
global supply chain
supply chain safety
industrial policy
