摘要
在现代社会,生存主题具有一个吊诡的现状:一方面,人们对生存主题变得比以往都更加敏感;另一方面,生存主题又处在被人们逐渐遗忘的过程中。生存主题的这一吊诡现状映射为生存与伦理的吊诡关系,即人们总是在生存受到威胁时呼唤伦理,而在普通的日用行常中遗忘伦理,这最终指向了一个现代社会的迷失:生存与伦理相异化。在中国古典的智慧中,生存的展开伴随着德性的成长,伦理也充满着生存的律动,因而“人应该如何生存”的答案就在于生存与伦理的合一,即宋明理学所言的“心与理一”。在这个意义上,“心与理一”构成了对现代社会的批判,并主张现代社会的伦理建构要试图恢复原初的生存逻辑,即让伦理回归生存。这在整体层面上意味着伦理建构需要以人的生存为核心关切,而在个体层面上意味着伦理建构需要帮助个体重拾时间性,进而将伦理体验所带来的全身心转化融入生存的延展过程。
In modern society,the survival theme has a paradoxical situation: on the one hand,people become more sensitive to the survival theme than before;on the other hand,the survival theme is in the process of being gradually forgotten. The paradox of the survival theme is mapped to the paradox relationship between existence and ethics,that is,people always call for ethics when their survival is threatened,but forget ethics in ordinary daily routines,which eventually points to the loss of a modern society: the difference between existence and ethics. In the classical wisdom of China,the development of existence is accompanied by the growth of virtue,and ethics is also full of the rhythm of existence. Therefore,the answer to"how people should survive"lies in the unity of existence and ethics,that is,"the unity of mind and reason"in the Neo Confucianism of song and Ming Dynasties. In this sense,"the unity of mind and reason"constitutes a criticism of modern society,and advocates that the ethical construction of modern society should try to restore the original survival logic,that is,let ethics return to existence. On the whole,it means that the ethical construction needs to focus on human survival,while on the individual level,it means that ethical construction needs to help individuals to pick up the timeliness,and then integrate the whole-body transformation brought by ethical experience into the extension process of existence.
作者
王凯立
WANG Kaili(Department of philosophy,Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361005,China;Department of philosophy,University of Arizona,Tucson,Arizona 85721,America)
出处
《吉林师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2020年第6期20-25,共6页
Journal Of Jilin Normal University:Humanities & Social Science Edition
基金
福建省社会科学规划项目(FJ2019C026)。
关键词
心与理一
生存
伦理
现代社会
朱子
the unity of mind and reason
survival
ethics
modern society
Zhu Xi
