摘要
【目的】明确四川省青神县柑橘‘恩科尔’品种果斑病的主要致病菌,并对该病害的鉴定和防治提供参考,提供防控方案。【方法】对‘恩科尔’病果进行组织分离、病原鉴定、柯赫氏法则验证及致病性测试,利用传统形态学鉴定和分子生物学(ITS和TUB条码)鉴定方法鉴定病原真菌。以菌丝生长速率法进行室内药剂筛选。【结果】明确病原菌为小孢拟盘多毛孢(Pestalotiopsis microspora)和柑橘胶孢炭疽(Colletotrichum gloeosporioides)。这也是首次发现小孢拟盘多毛孢会引起柑橘果斑病。实验表明,11种杀菌剂中,咪鲜胺、噻霉酮和吡唑醚菌酯对小孢拟盘多毛孢具有明显的抑菌效果,EC50分别为0.0014μg·mL^-1、0.0159μg·mL^-1和0.0730μg·mL^-1;咪鲜胺、吡唑醚菌酯和苯醚甲环唑对胶孢炭疽具有明显的抑菌效果,EC50分别为0.0022μg·mL^-1、0.0160μg·mL^-1和0.1988μg·mL^-1。【结论】‘恩科尔’果斑病的主要致病菌为小孢拟盘多毛孢和柑桔胶孢炭疽,而咪鲜胺和吡唑醚菌酯对其具有明显的抑菌效果。
【Objective】‘Encore’hybrid mandarin,a hybrid offspring of wide-skinned citrus and sweet orange,was introduced from Japan in 1982 with sweet flavor,high quality,strong storage and transportation resistance,long sales period,high economic value and broad growing prospects.In recent years,the severe fruit spot occurred in‘Encore’growing area of Qingshen county,Sichuan province.During the fruit hanging period,a large number of unchlorotic spots appeared on the fruit,and the disease spot was yellowish brown and chapped in the later stage of the disease,and the diseased spot on the mature fruit was more obvious,which seriously affected the fruit appearance so that the produce income decreased sharply.Aiming at the fruit spot of‘Encore’,Sichuan Agricultural University has isolated the pahogens and identified that the spot is caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides,but the control of the disease with citrus anthracnose as the target was not effective.In order to identify the main pathogens of citrus fruit rot,in this paper,the identification of the pathogens and control of the disease were studied,so that the prevention and control plan could be formulated,which could provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the production.【Methods】The diseased citrus fruits collected from the high incidence area of Qingshen county,Sichuan province were isolated by tissue separation method.The colony,mycelium,sporulation structure and spore phenotype of pathogens were observed under a microscope.The shape and size of mycelium on the slide were observed and measured.Under the microscope,the hyphae were colorless and transparent.We observed the change of mycelium color during the growth of pathogenic strains cultured on PDA medium for 20 days.The morphology and size of spores and sporogenic cells were observed and measured.The genomic DNA of pathogenic fungi was extracted and identified based on molecular biology(ITS and TUB bar code).The pathogens were inoculated on citrus fruits and leaves,and their pathog
作者
吴望
吴玉珠
胡军华
占爽
姚廷山
周彦
WUWang;WU Yuzhu;HU Junhua;ZHAN Shuang;YAO Tingshan;ZHOU Yan(Citrus Research Institute of Southwest University,Chongqing 400712,China;Southwest Fruit Science Observation and Experiment Station of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Chongqing 400712,China)
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第11期1723-1732,共10页
Journal of Fruit Science
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202006-04)。
关键词
‘恩科尔’果斑病
小孢拟盘多毛孢
胶孢炭疽
致病性测试
药剂筛选
‘Encore’fruit spot
Pestalotiopsis microspore
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides
Pathogenicity test
Fungicide screening
