摘要
A novel and effective BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3 composite catalyst was synthesized through a precipitation method. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of the samples were certified by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic characterizations. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated that the synthesized BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3 composite catalyst exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance toward the degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride(TCH) under simulated sunlight. Furthermore, the TCH degradation rate of BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β-Bi2O3 increased by 27.6% and 61.4% compared with those of the pure BiOCl0.9I0.1 and pure β-Bi2O3, respectively. Due to the multiple vacancies and valence states possessed by BiOCl0.9I0.1/x%β-Bi2O3, namely Bi5+, Bi(3-x)+, Bi5+–O, Bi3+–O, I- and I3-, the charge separation in photocatalysis reactions can be effectively promoted. The Mott-Schottky measurements indicate that the conduction band(CB) level of BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β-Bi2O3 becomes more negative relative to that of BiOCl0.9I0.1, guaranteeing an advantageous effect on the redox ability of the photocatalyst. This study provides a new bright spot for the construction of high-performance photocatalysts.
盐酸四环素(TCH)是一种常见且广泛用于制药保健和兽医领域的抗生素,水生环境中的TCH残留物可诱导抗生素抗性病原体的发展,并对人类健康具有潜在的长期威胁.然而,传统的物理吸附和生物降解方法很难实现对TCH的降解.光催化技术由于其高效,简单的操作和低成本被认为是降解TCH的实用方法.Bi OX (X=Cl,Br和I)是具有间接带隙的半导体,其光生载流子的复合概率相对较低,因而在光催化中有着广泛应用.但是,当单独Bi OX作为光催化材料时,其电子-空穴对分离弱、载流子传输慢,从而使Bi OX不能很好的在光催化领域发挥作用.为了缓解或解决此限制性因素,将卤氧化物BiOCl0.9I0.1与半导体β–Bi2O3复合,通过在光照下降解20 mg·L–1的TCH来评价复合材料的光催化性能.基于此,本文采用电子扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、和电流时间(i–t)等对其进行了表征和活性测试,通过UV–vis漫反射光谱, Mott-Schottky图和XPS光谱,分析样品的相对VB和CB边缘位置和元素价态;通过能带评价,探讨了BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β–Bi2O3在TCH降解过程中光催化活性的可能机理.SEM分析表明,纯BiOCl0.9I0.1样品是方形纳米片且尺寸约为100 nm,其规则地成形并层层覆盖.将制备的BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β-Bi2O3复合物的基本形态与纯BiOCl0.9I0.1和纯β–Bi2O3进行比较,纯β–Bi2O3为块状结构,形成复合物后, BiOCl0.9I0.1纳米片作为组分嵌入β–Bi2O3块中, BiOCl0.9I0.1纳米片在β–Bi2O3表面部分聚集成最终覆盖整个表面的小花状微结构.BiOCl0.9I0.1纳米片的存在极大地增加了复合物的比表面积,并为反应提供了更多的活性位点.HRTEM表征结果进一步确认了上述结果.紫外漫反射吸收光谱表明,β-Bi2O3能有效增加BiOCl0.9I0.1对可见光的吸收,增加了对光的利用率.光催化性能测试表明在光照120 min后, BiOCl0.9I0.1/15%β–Bi2O3复合材料的样品中TCH�
基金
国家自然科学基金(21663027,21808189)
甘肃省科技支撑项目(1504GKCA027)
中央高校基本科研业务费领军人才项目(300102299304).
