摘要
世界第一高峰珠穆朗玛峰(珠峰),是全球气候与环境变化研究的焦点与热点区域。自20世纪50年代末期以来,在珠峰地区已经开展了多次综合考察,并建立了定位观测研究站。近60年来,珠峰地区持续变暖,升温幅度与青藏高原的平均值相当,降水变化趋势不明显。珠峰地区是冰川集中分布区,近期冰川显著退缩,冰湖面积急剧扩张,径流量增大,反映了冰川和水文过程对全球变暖的响应。受到升温影响,珠峰地区的植被有变绿趋势。工业革命以来,珠峰地区受到跨境大气污染物传输的影响,也凸显了冰川消融导致的污染物二次释放的潜在风险。
Mt.Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world and the hot spot of studies on global climate and environmental change.Since the late 1950 s,several scientific expeditions have been carried out in the Mt.Qomolangma region,and one in situ observational research station has been established.During the past 60 years,the climate has been warming continuously in the Mt.Qomolangma region,with the similar magnitude of temperature warming over the whole Tibetan Plateau.However,the trend of precipitation was not significant.Mt.Qomolangma region is concentrated with glaciers,which have been experiencing largely retreated.Consequently,the area of glacial-fed lakes expanded rapidly and the runoff increased,indicating the response of glaciers and hydrological processes to global warming.Under the impact of climate warming,the vegetation in the Mt.Qomolangma region has a tendency to become green.Since the industrial revolution,the Mt.Qomolangma region has been affected by the transboundary atmospheric pollutants,which has also highlighted the potential risk of secondary release of pollutants due to glacier melting.
作者
康世昌
张玉兰
张强弓
KANG Shichang;ZHANG Yulan;ZHANG Qianggong(State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),Lanzhou 730000,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences,Beijing 100101,China;Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes,Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)
出处
《自然杂志》
2020年第5期355-363,共9页
Chinese Journal of Nature
基金
第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0605)
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA20040500、XDA19070501)
冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室自主课题(SKLCS-ZZ-2020)。
关键词
珠穆朗玛峰
气候变化
冰川
冰湖
植被
大气污染物
Mt.Qomolangma
climate change
glacier
glacier-fed lake
vegetation
atmospheric pollutant
