摘要
在我国政府治理中存在独特的政策补丁现象,但已有的政策过程与变迁理论缺乏探讨。基于全国“营改增”、天津“海河英才”行动计划、深圳“禁摩限电”和长沙“楼市调控”4个典型案例的分析显示:政策补丁依据目标和工具两个维度的修补情况分为细化、补漏、纠偏、更叠4种基本类型;频繁出现政策补丁现象的原因有决策的有限理性、实验主义治理策略以及公共决策结构的缺陷3个因素,但较之于常规政策调整,后两者尤其是公共决策结构的缺陷是更为重要的原因,且不同类型的政策补丁的原因结构存在差异。政策补丁尽管能在一定程度上弥补原有政策的缺陷,但也会不同程度地造成公共政策公信力流失和公共治理的失序,不符合国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的要求。避免政策补丁现象的基本途径是提高政府的政策分析能力和优化公共决策流程。
There is unique policy patching phenomenon in our governance.However,the existing policy process and change theories lack a discussion on it.Based on the analysis of the four typical cases of the National“VAT Reform”,Tianjin“Haihe Talents”Action Plan,Shenzhen“Motor and Electricity Limitation”and Changsha“Real Estate Market Regulation”,we find that:according to the two dimensions of policy goal and tool,the policy patching includes 4 types of refinement,omission,correction,and overlap;the reasons for frequent policy patching in China’s governance include the limited rationality of decision-making,experimental governance strategy,and the shortcomings of public decision-making structures.However,compared to conventional policy adjustments,the latter two,particularly the shortcomings of public decision-making structures are the more important reasons,and the cause structure is different in different types of policy patching.Although the policy patching can make up for the shortcomings of the original policy to a certain extent,it also causes the lack of credibility of public policies and the disorder of public governance to varying degrees,which does not meet the requirements of modernization of national governance systems and governance capabilities.The basic ways to avoid policy patching are to improve government policy analysis capabilities and optimize public decision-making processes.
作者
朱燕
朱光喜
Zhu Yan;Zhu Guangxi(School of Public Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073;School of Public Administration and Communication,Guilin University of Technology,Guilin 541004)
出处
《中国行政管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第9期49-57,共9页
Chinese Public Administration
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“东部地区政策创新向边疆民族地区扩散研究”(编号:15XZZ009)。
关键词
政策变迁
政策补丁
类型
成因
国家治理
policy change
policy patching
typology
formation
national governance
