摘要
我国《民法典》采用分置式立法模式明确规定了自甘风险规则,就此解决了自甘风险规则在以往司法实践中,被作为当然前提加以适用所发生的标准冲突和责任混同的问题。研究认为,自甘风险规则在我国《民法典》与英美法之中存在构成要件、性质界定、例外情形等三个方面的差异。我国自甘风险规则的适用需要明确自愿的判断标准,增加受害人知道或应当知道体育活动危险之构成要件,厘清固有风险与其他风险的界限,注重风险承担与经营者安全保障义务的衔接。
The Civil Code of China clearly stipulates the rule of self-imposed risk by using the separate legislative mode,which solves the standard conflicts and mixed responsibility caused by taking the rule of self-imposed risk as the natural premise in the past judicial practice.There are three differences in the rules of self-imposed risk in the Civil Code of China and those of U.S.and U.K.i.e.,components,nature definition and exceptions.It is necessary to clarify the criteria of voluntary judgment in the application of the self-imposed risk rules in China,increase the elements that the victims know or should know about the danger of sports activities,clarify the boundary between the inherent risks and other risks,and pay attention to the connection between risk bearing and the security guarantee of operators.
作者
张鹏
ZHANG Peng(China Research Institute of Modernization of Rule of Law,Nanjing Normal Univ.,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《体育成人教育学刊》
2020年第4期1-5,共5页
Journal of Sports Adult Education
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA330)。
关键词
体育法
自甘风险
固有风险
抗辩事由
sports law
self-imposed risk
inherent risk
arguments
