摘要
如何处理酸性水中的氨,将直接影响到各相关装置的操作、投资及全厂经济效益。通过讨论目前普遍采用的三种主要氨的处理措施即氨至硫黄回收反应炉分解、生产液氨产品、至硫黄回收尾气焚烧炉分解的技术特点、操作条件等,指出与生产液氨产品相比,至硫黄回收反应炉分解的优点是酸性水汽提部分投资少,氨随硫化氢一起进硫黄回收反应炉并被转化为氮气,简化了流程,氨在分解过程中放出的热量大部分被回收,有利于降低能耗;缺点是硫回收负荷增加导致相应设备尺寸增大,因尾气量增大造成硫回收率下降,反应炉燃烧室需采用分流流程时增加了控制难度,不能生产液氨产品,降低了企业的经济效益。至硫黄回收尾气焚烧炉分解的优点是投资最低,但尾气焚烧炉结构复杂。目前大、中型炼油厂一般都设置两套或以上的酸性水汽提装置,建议对非加氢型、加氢型酸性水中的氨分别采取至硫黄回收反应炉分解、生产液氨产品进行处理。
The treatment of ammonia in sour water will directly affect the operation and investment of all relevant units and the economic benefit of the whole plant.This paper discusses the technical characteristics and operation conditions of three main ammonia treatment measures commonly adopted at present,i.e.,ammonia decomposition in sulfur recovery reactor,production of liquid ammonia product and ammonia decomposition in tail gas incinerator.It is pointed out that compared with production of liquid ammonia product,ammonia decomposition in sulfur recovery reactor has the advantages of less investment in sour water stripping section,simplified process flow since ammonia is sent to sulfur recovery reactor together with hydrogen sulfide and converted into nitrogen,and lower energy consumption because most of the heat released during ammonia decomposition is recovered,while the disadvantages are that the increase in sulfur recovery load leads to the increase in sizes of corresponding equipment,the increase in tail gas flowrate results in the decrease in sulfur recovery rate,the control difficulty is increased when split two-zone configuration is adopted for the combustion chamber of reactor,and liquid ammonia product cannot be produced,reducing the economic benefit of enterprises.Ammonia decomposition in tail gas incinerator has the lowest investment,but the structure of tail gas incinerator is complex.At present,large and medium-sized refineries are generally equipped with two or more sour water stripping units.It is recommended to treat the ammonia in non-hydrogenated sour water by ammonia decomposition in sulfur recovery reactor and use the ammonia in hydrogenated sour water to pro-duce liquid ammonia product.
作者
刘成军
李倞琛
吕晓东
段宏毅
Liu Chengjun;Li Liangchen;Lv Xiaodong;Duan Hongyi(CNPC East-China Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Qingdao Shandong 266071;Dandong Mingzhu Special Resin Co.,Ltd.,Dandong Liaoning 118009)
出处
《中外能源》
CAS
2020年第9期71-79,共9页
Sino-Global Energy
关键词
酸性水汽提
处理措施
氨分解
氨精制
反应炉
尾气焚烧炉
sour water stripping
treatment measure
ammonia decomposition
ammonia refining
reactor
tail gas incinerator
