摘要
采煤机自动化是机械化采煤工作面迈向少人化工作面的关键技术支撑,是近60年采煤机技术发展的重点脉络。最早的采煤自动化研究起源于20世纪30年代,20世纪60年代后进入了踊跃研发阶段,英国和西德在采煤机遥控技术、计算机化调速控制技术、机载自动控制技术、远程监控技术、记忆截割技术及液压支架电液控制技术上取得了引领性的创新突破。进入21世纪以来,我国采煤机自动控制技术从引进到学习再到自主创新,走出了一条弯道追赶、爬坡加速的发展之路。近10年来,我国采煤机控制系统已接近国外先进技术水平,研发出超越记忆截割的仿形截割技术,远程监控技术升级为驾驶舱系统,与自动化采煤机配套的液压支架电液控制技术已自主化并广泛推广应用。这些围绕采煤机的自动控制技术进步显著提升了我国煤矿生产自动化水平,增强了我国煤矿安全高效生产能力。
The automation of shearer is the key technical supporting the fully mechanized workface towards autonomous mining workface,and it is the important research topic for the shearer technology development in the past 60 years.The earliest research on coal mining automation originated in the 1930s.At the 1960s,the inovation of shearer automation technology came to an active stage.The United Kingdom and the former West Germany made original contribution and leading innovation on the shearer remote control technology,computerized speed control technology,on-board automatic control technology,remote monitoring technology,memory cutting technology and electro-hydraulic control technology of hydraulic support.Since the beginning of 21st century,the automatic control technology of shearer in China has developed from introduction to learning and then to independent innovation,achieving the fast development through the roadmap of catching up and accelerated climbing steps.In the past 10 years,China's shearer control system had been close to foreign advanced technology,the imitation cutting technology beyond memory cutting technology was developed,the remote controlling system had been upgraded to cockpit system,the electro-hydraulic control technology of hydraulic support had been independent manufactured and widely used.These automatic control technologies for shearers have significantly improved the level of automation of coal mine production in China,and enhanced the safe and efficient production capacity of coal mines in China.
作者
葛世荣
Ge Shirong(School of Mechanical,Electrical&Information Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Haidian,Beijing 100083,China;Institute of Intelligent Mines&Robotics,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Haidian,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《中国煤炭》
2020年第10期1-15,共15页
China Coal
关键词
采煤机技术
自动化技术
自动调速
自动截割
人工智能
远程监控
coal shearer technology
automation technology
automatic speed control
automatic cutting
artificial intelligent
remote monitoring
