摘要
近年来,普职分流成为教育事业改革的热点问题之一。在“百万扩招”与“大国工匠”的现实背景下,本文以农村劳动力为研究对象,通过非农教育收益率的因果性估计,从微观视角上为中职教育的低迷发展提供合理的解释,研究表明:(1)农村劳动力的整体教育收益率为4.8%,中职教育收益率比普通高中教育收益率低0.1个百分点,但却高于初中教育收益率;(2)通过异质性分析发现中职教育的异质型收益特征与普通高中教育相比表现为W型曲线,与初中教育相比则表现为单调下降的趋势,针对低收入群体的中职教育扩张有利于缩小组内工资收入差距;(3)利用倾向得分匹配法发现,未有明显证据表明中职教育收益率高于普通高中阶段教育收益率。基于此,本文认为利用个体比较优势推进普职分流,刺激农户教育投资意愿,或许是推动中职教育高质量发展的政策落脚点。
In recent years,the division of general and vocational education has become one of the hot issues in the reform of education.Under the realistic background of“ one million enrollment expansion”and“great country craftsman”,this paper takes rural labor force as the research object,providing a reasonable explanation for the sluggish development of secondary vocational education from the micro perspective through the causal estimation of the return rate of non-agricultural education.The research shows that:(1)The overall education return rate of rural labor force is 4.8%,while the secondary vocational education is 0.1%lower than that of senior middle school,but higher than that of junior middle school.(2)Through heterogeneity analysis,we find that the heterogeneous income characteristics of secondary vocational education show a W-shaped curve compared with ordinary high school education,and show a monotonous downward trend compared with junior high school education.The expansion of secondary vocational education for low-income groups is conducive to narrowing the wage income gap within the group.(3)There is no obvious evidence that the secondary vocational education rate of return is higher than that of general high middle stage education.Based on this,this paper points out that using individual comparative advantage to promote the diversion of general and vocational education and stimulating farmers willingness to invest in education may be the policy foothold to promote the high-quality development of secondary vocational education.
作者
方超
FANG Chao(School of Public Administration,Nanjing University of Finance and Economics,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210023)
出处
《扬州大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
2020年第5期115-128,共14页
Journal of Yangzhou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
江苏省社会科学基金重点委托项目“江苏普通高中优质均衡发展的实现路径及财政投入政策研究”(20WTA001)
江苏现代财税治理协同创新中心委托项目“江苏普通高中优质均衡发展的实现路径及财政投入政策研究”(19JSXT05)
南京财经大学2019年度高等教育及改革发展重点课题“教育财政投入对家庭教育支出的影响机制研究”(gigfb201906)。
关键词
中职教育
教育收益率
人力资本
教育人力资本
secondary vocational education
education return rate
human capital
education human capital
