摘要
四川丹棱石佛湾、佛儿崖两处石窟均有五十三佛和二十五佛造像,为9世纪上半叶的作品,前者有开成二年(837)、三年(838)的造像纪年。画面中心雕一佛二菩萨的,据《佛说观药王药上二菩萨经》为药师、药王、药上,据《无量寿经》则为阿弥陀、观音、势至。四川地区的五十三佛和二十五佛造像是南北朝造像传统的延续,与三阶教的流传无关。
Sculptures depicting the themes of the Fifty-Three Buddhas and Twenty-Five Buddhas are carved in both the Shifowan and Foerya Grottoes in Danleng,Sichuan Province that date back to the first half of the 9th century.In addition,the statues at Shifowan have accompanying inscriptions from the second and third year of the Kaicheng era(837,838).The sculpture of Fifty-Three Buddhas was made according to two sutras popular in Chinese Buddhism since before the Tang dynasty when these statues were constructed.The sculpture evinces the following structural characteristics:the Fifty-Three Buddhas are in the center of the carvings,among which Bhaisajya-guru,Bhaisajya-Raja(Medicine King)Bodhisattva,and Bhaisajya-Samudgata(Medicine Superior)Bodhisattva can be readily identified based on descriptions from Sutra on the Bhaisajya-Raja (Medicine King)Bodhisattva and Bhaisajya-Samudgata(Medicine Superior)Bodhisattva, while the figures of Amitabha, Avalokitesvara, and Mahasthamaprapta can be identified as having been constructed based on the Aparimitayur-sutra. The themes of these sculptures inherited the artistic tradition of the Southern and Northern Dynasties and were not influenced by the spread of the contemporary“Three-Stage Sect”of Buddhism.
作者
张亮
贺越洋
ZHANG Liang;HE Yueyang(School of History and Culture,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610064;Xi’an Beilin Museum,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710000)
出处
《敦煌研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期87-94,共8页
Dunhuang Research
基金
国家社科基金重大项目“西南唐宋石窟寺遗存的调查与综合研究”(13ZD&101)。
关键词
四川丹棱
五十三佛
二十五佛
佛说观药王药上经
三阶教
Danleng in Sichuan
Fifty-Three Buddhas
Twenty-Five Buddhas
Sutra on the Bhaisajya-Raja(Medicine King) Bodhisattva and Bhaisajya-Samudgata(Medicine Superior) Bodhisattva
Three-Stage Sect
