摘要
食用菌种植业在促进农民增收致富的同时,也产生大量的农业废弃物——废弃菌棒。为综合整治生态环境,实现废弃菌棒的资源化综合利用,本试验选用栽培面积较为广泛且培养袋料差异较大的平菇和金针菇废弃菌棒,通过打碎建堆发酵,研究不同食用菌菌渣发酵过程中的理化性状变化。结果表明,发酵结束时,金针菇渣的总孔隙度、通气孔隙度和持水孔隙度均高于平菇渣,平菇渣的总孔隙度为57. 58%,金针菇渣总孔隙度为65. 9%,二者均在基质要求适宜总孔隙度范围54%~96%之内;平菇渣p H和EC值同期均显著高于金针菇渣。发酵完成时,平菇渣的碱解氮和速效磷含量分别为1 880. 6 mg/kg和4 826. 2 mg/kg,分别比金针菇渣高13. 19%和30. 24%,而平菇渣速效钾含量比金针菇渣低27. 34%。通过探讨不同菌渣发酵过程中的理化性状变化,可为今后菌渣的综合利用提供参考。
The edible fungus planting industry not only increases farmers’income,but also produces a large number of agricultural wastes such as mushroom sticks.In order to improve the ecological environment and realize comprehensive utilization of waste mushroom sticks,the waste sticks of Pleurotus ostreatus and Flammulina velutipes were selected as test materials,which had wide cultivation areas and large differences in cultivation bag materials.The changes of physical and chemical properties of different edible fungus residues during fermentation were studied.After fermentation,the total porosity,aeration porosity and water holding porosity of Flammulina velutipes residue were higher than those of Pleurotus ostreatus residue.The total porosities of Flammulina velutipes residue and Pleurotus ostreatus residue were 65%and 58%respectively,and both were within the matrix suitable range of 54%~96%.The pH and EC values of Pleurotus ostreatus residue were significantly higher than those of Flammulina velutipes residue.After fermentation,available nitrogen and phosphorus contents of Pleurotus ostreatus residue were 1880.6 mg/kg and 4826.2 mg/kg respectively,which were 13.19%and 30.24%higher than those of Flammulina velutipes residue respectively;the available potassium content in Pleurotus ostreatus residue was 27.34%lower than that of Flammulina velutipes residue.These results could provide references for comprehensive utilization of mushroom residue.
作者
焦娟
刘中良
谷端银
闫伟强
陈震
高俊杰
Jiao Juan;Liu Zhongliang;Gu Duanyin;Yan Weiqiang;Chen Zhen;Gao Junjie(Taian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Taian 271000,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2020年第9期99-103,共5页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
山东省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜创新团队项目(SDAIT-05-09)
山东省重点研发计划项目(2018GNC110037)
泰安市科技发展计划项目(2016NS0065)。
关键词
菌渣
金针菇
平菇
理化性状
变化规律
Mushroom residue
Pleurotus ostreatus
Flammulina velutipes
Physical and chemical properties
Change rule
