摘要
近年来,对中国持负面看法的美国民众比例明显上升,已经达到近三四十年以来的最高水平,有必要考察美国对华民意的最新转变及其可能产生的政策影响。相关民调显示,越来越多的美国人将中国视为美国的“头号敌人”,担心中国实力的增长。中美贸易冲突和新冠肺炎疫情加剧了这一趋势。美国对华民意的恶化主要受到近年来美国精英对华看法转变和媒体负面报道的影响,也反映了美国民众意识形态中对中国的疑虑和不满。短期来看,美国对华民意仍可能阻滞美国政府的对华政策升级为“对抗”或“脱钩”,但长期来看,由于中美之间存在战略利益和意识形态的根本性差异,美国民众对华态度很可能会在精英的影响下进一步恶化,这将为美国政府对华推行更加极端和强硬的政策提供支撑。
In recent years,the percentage of American people with negative views towards China has surged significantly,approaching the highest level in the past thirty to forty years.It is necessary to examine the latest shift in American public opinion towards China and its potential influences on policy-making.According to relevant polls,an increasing number of Americans view China as the greatest enemy of the US and are concerned about the growth of China’s strength.The China-US trade friction and the COVID-19 pandemic have exacerbated such a trend.The deterioration of American public opinion towards China has been largely driven by the shift of American elites’views towards China and negative media coverage in recent years,which also reflects Americans’discontent with and suspicion of China in ideology.In the short term,American public opinion towards China could deter the escalation of the US policy towards China into“confrontation”or“decoupling”.In the long term,however,due to fundamental divergences in strategic interests and ideology between China and the US,American public attitudes towards China are likely to worsen further under influence of the US elites,which will give rise to the US government’s pursuit of a more radical and tough policy towards China.
作者
付随鑫
FU Suixin(China Institute of International Studies, Beijing 100005, China)
出处
《太平洋学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第9期16-26,共11页
Pacific Journal
基金
国家社科基金一般项目“美国印太战略及其对中国的挑战与应对研究”(19BGJ015)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
中美关系
美国对华政策
公共舆论
新冠肺炎疫情
China-US relations
US policy toward China
public opinion
COVID-19 pandemic
