摘要
目的探讨社会心理因素对职业女性围绝经期综合征(PMS)的影响。方法抽取年龄45~55岁职业女性300人进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括一般资料问卷、改良更年期可泼门(Kupperman)量表、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)及家庭关怀度指数。分析统计职业女性的PMS发生情况及与社会心理因素的关系。结果共发放调查问卷300份,有效回收280份,有效回收率为93.3%。280名研究对象的Kupperman量表平均分为(14.21±3.36)分,共计189例(67.50%)存在PMS,包括轻度56例(20.00%),中度123例(43.93%),重度10例(3.57%)。11项PMS症状中,位列前3的症状为疲乏(61.07%)、焦虑(58.93%)、失眠(52.50%)。Spearman线性相关性分析显示,EPQ-RSC中内外向、掩饰性及家庭功能评分与Kupperman评分呈明显负相关,神经质、精神质与Kupperman评分呈明显正相关(P<0.05)。单因素分析及logistic多因素分析显示,既往月经情况、妊娠次数、合并慢性疾病、EPQ-RSC得分及家庭功能得分是PMS的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论职业女性有较高的PMS发生风险,且与社会心理因素密切相关,强化社会心理健康管理对预防或减轻PMS有积极意义。
Objective To explore the influence of psychosocial factors on perimenopausal syndrome(PMS)in female workers. Methods 300 female workers aged 45 to 55 years old were selected for the survey. Survey data included general information,improved menopause Kupperman Scale,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Form Scale Chinese version(EPQ-RSC)and family care index. Results A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed,280 of which were effectively recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 93.3%. The mean Kupperman Scale score of 280 subjects was(14.21±3.36),and 189 females(67.50%)had PMS,including 56(20.00%)mild,123(43.93%)moderate,and 10(3.57%)severe conditions. Of the 11 PMS symptoms,the top 3 were fatigue(61.07%),anxiety(58.93%),and insomnia(52.50%). Spearman linear correlation analysis showed that the scores of EPQ-RSC were negatively correlated with the scores of Kupperman Scale,while the scores of neuroticism and psychosis were nominally positively correlated with the scores of Kupperman Scale(P<0.05). Univariate analysis and logistic multivariate analysis showed that previous menstrual status,number of pregnancies,combined chronic diseases,EPQ-RSC score and family function score were independent influencing factors for PMS(P<0.05). Conclusions Female workers have a high risk of PMS,and it is closely related to social psychological factors. Strengthening social psychological health management is of positive significance to prevent or mitigate PMS.
作者
蒋永凤
王海峰
吴琼
JIANG Yong-feng;WANG Hai-feng;WU Qiong(Huai’an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Huai'an 223002,China)
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2020年第5期382-384,387,共4页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
关键词
围绝经期综合征
社会心理因素
女性
影响因素
Perimenopausal syndrome
Social psychological factors
Women
Influencing factor