摘要
目的了解接种两剂含腮腺炎成分疫苗(MuCV)儿童流行性腮腺炎(流腮)发病影响因素及其长期保护效果,为优化两剂MuCV免疫策略提供参考。方法收集深圳市盐田区2003-2016年出生且接种两剂MuCV儿童的免疫史及发病数据,对流腮发病影响因素及疫苗保护期进行Cox回归分析。结果深圳市盐田区2003-2016年出生且接种两剂MuCV儿童共8451名,报告流腮病例146例,发病率1.73%。第1剂MuCV接种年龄(初免月龄)以8月龄(35.86%)为主,第2剂MuCV接种年龄主要在2~3岁(46.25%)、4~6岁(5.64%)较少。两剂MuCV接种时间间隔,最短28天,最长164个月,中位时间11个月。第1剂MuCV接种类型以麻腮(59.58%)为主,第2剂以麻腮风(55.32%)为主。Cox回归分析结果显示,两剂接种间隔时间与流腮发病,关联有统计学意义(P=0.033)。两剂接种间隔时间“13-36月”对比“≤12月”发病风险降低43.2%(RR=0.568,95%CI=0.382~0.845)。Kaplan-Meier生存分析显示接种两剂MuCV儿童疫苗平均保护期95~176个月。结论建议深圳盐田区两剂MuCV接种程序为:第1剂按国家免疫规划要求,18月龄接种麻腮风疫苗,第2剂接种年龄3~4岁,两剂接种时间间隔13-36月,可最大限度减低辖区流腮发病率。
Objective To examine influencing and long-term protective effect of two doses of mumps containing vaccine(MuCV)on mumps incidence in vaccinated children and to provide references for optimizing the two-dose MuCV immunization program.Methods Immunization records and mumps morbidity data were collected among the children born during 2003–2016 received two doses of MuCV in Yantian district of Shenzhen city.Cox regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of mumps and the effectiveness of MuCV vaccination.Results Among the 8451 children included in the study,totally 146 mumps incidents were reported,with an incidence rate of 1.73%.Of the children,35.86%had the first dose of MuCV at the age of 8-month and 46.25%had the second dose at ages of 2–3 years;only 5.64%had the second dose at 4–6 years old.The shortest time between two doses of MuCV was 28 days and the longest was 164 months,with a median of 11 months.The main type of MuCV used for the first dose was measles-mumps vaccine(59.58%)and the second dose was measles-mumps-rubella vaccine(55.32%).Cox regression analysis indicated that the time period between two doses of MuCV was significantly correlated with the risk of mumps(P=0.033).The risk of mumps was reduced by 43.2%(odds ratio=0.568,95%confidence interval:0.382–0.845)for the children with the time period of 13–36 months between the two dose of MuCV compared to those with the time period of less than 12 months.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that the average protective period of the two doses of MuCV against mumps was 95–176 months.Conclusion The study results suggest that the first and the second dose of MuCV should be administered in the children aged 18 months and 3–4 years and the time interval between the two doses should be 13–36 months for the control of mumps epidemic effectively in the region.
作者
李雪梅
梅树江
于海航
罗诗丽
LI Xue-mei;MEI Shu-jiang;YU Hai-hang(Yantian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen,Guangdong Province 518000,China;不详)
出处
《中国公共卫生》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期1268-1270,共3页
Chinese Journal of Public Health
基金
国家自然科学基金(41771441)。
