摘要
建立温室气体和大气污染物排放量的精准计量监测体系,是现阶段实现我国大气污染精准治理的迫切需要,更关系到国际碳交易市场的贸易公平。以人口密集的城市为研究对象,采用“自下而上”和“自上而下”的技术手段,开展高精度地空监测网计量方法研究。“自下而上”的监测方法重点研究大中型企业固定排放源和移动交通排放源。使用自主研发的高准确度监测仪器建立高精密可溯源的大气环境监测站点,结合大气动力学模型、印痕函数和城市区域大气反演算法,建立“自上而下”的排放量监测系统。通过“自下而上”和“自上而下”两种技术手段的结合与相互验证,建立了地空一体化观测系统,得到网格分辨率为1km×1km、时间分辨率为1小时的城市温室气体和大气污染物排放通量。实现对碳核查数据的有效核验,为管理部门实现城市大气污染物精准治理提供技术保障。
To establish a precise measurement and monitoring system for greenhouse gases and air pollutant emissions,it is an urgent need in China to achieve accurate governance of air pollution at this stage,which is more relevant to the fair trade of the international carbon trading market. Taking highly populated cities as the object,a method in combination with the "bottom-up"and"top-down"approach was carried out to study the ground-air measurement of emission with high precision and high spatial-temporal resolution. The "bottom-up"approach focused on the large and medium-sized stationary sources and traffic emissions. For the"top-down"approach,the high-precision and traceable atmospheric pollutant monitoring stations,installed with self-developed high precision measuring equipment,have been established. Additionally,the aerodynamics model,footprint function,and inversion algorithm were applied in the top-down approach to calculate the emissions. Through the combination and mutual verification of "bottom-top"and "top-down"approaches,the emission flux of greenhouse gas and pollutants were calculated with the grid resolution of 1 km × 1 km and the time resolution of 1 hour,which provided effective evidence to verify carbon emissions and technical support for precise control of air pollutants.
作者
任歌
张亮
林鸿
王池
胡鹤鸣
刘俊杰
吴海
周昶
REN Ge;ZHANG Liang;LIN Hong;WANG Chi;HU Heming;LIU Junjie;WU Hai;ZHOU Chang(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China;Zhengzhou Advanced Metrology Institute,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《计量技术》
2020年第5期79-84,共6页
Measurement Technique
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFF0205301)
国家青年科学基金项目(41907272)。
关键词
温室气体
大气污染物
排放量计量
固定排放源
路网排放
大气反演
greenhouse gas
air pollutants
metrology of emissions
stationary sources
road network emission
inversion algorithm
