摘要
词汇范畴如动词没有论元结构,其论元由扩展它的功能范畴引进。该建议的语义基础是新戴维森事件语义学,其句法基础是非核心论元。第一个功能范畴可以引进两个论元,这跟功能范畴所表达的语义关系与句法上的融合有关,如动结式与动介式的推导。引进的名词性论元必须获得格的允准。phi-特征集完整的时制范畴与轻动词可以各为一个名词性论元指派结构格,后者只能为毗邻的外部合并的论元指派格;此外,动词与介词也可以为毗邻的名词性论元指派固有格。证据有双宾句、与格句、处所交替句以及致使倒置句等。
Lexical categories such as verbs have no argument structures,and their arguments are introduced by the functional categories extending them.The semantic base of the proposal is the neo-Davidsonian event structural semantics and its syntactic base is non-core arguments.The first functional head can introduce two arguments,based on the semantic relation of the head and the syntactic incorporation such as the derivation of verb-resultatives and verb-prepositions.The nominal arguments must be licensed by the Case filter.The T and v with a complete set of phifeatures can each value the Case feature of only one nominal argument,what’s more,the v can only value the adjacent one by External Merge.In addition,the verb or preposition can also assign an inherent Case to the adjacent nominal element.The evidence includes double constructions,dative constructions,locative alternative constructions and inverted causative constructions.
作者
熊仲儒
XIONG Zhongru(Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《外国语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期12-22,共11页
Journal of Foreign Languages
基金
北京市社科基金项目“汉语左边界的制图分析”(19YYB014)
北京语言大学院级项目“类型学与汉语信息结构研究”(中央高校基本科研业务专项资金,20YJ090002)
北京语言大学重大基础研究专项项目“现代汉语语法典型案例库建设与汉语制图分析”(19ZDJ01)。
关键词
非核心论元
功能范畴
新戴维森事件语义学
格允准
论元结构
non-core argument
functional category
neo-Davidsonian event semantics
Case-licensing
argument structure
