摘要
文章利用2012~2018年"中国家庭追踪调查"(CFPS)面板数据,考察财政医疗卫生支出对中国居民健康多维贫困的减贫效应。研究发现:(1)新医改以来,财政医疗卫生总支出对中国居民的健康多维贫困有显著的减贫效应,且对农村居民的减贫效应更显著。(2)分项支出的回归结果表明,公共卫生支出减贫的作用最为显著,而"补需方"的医疗保障支出的减贫效应比"补供方"的医疗机构支出更为显著。其中医疗机构支出和公共卫生支出对农村居民的减贫效果更为显著;而医疗保障支出对城镇居民的减贫效果更为显著。(3)年龄分组回归的结果表明,医疗卫生机构支出和公共卫生支出对60岁以下居民的健康减贫效应大于60岁以上的居民;而医疗保障支出对60岁以下的居民减贫效应小于60岁以上的居民。(4)收入分组回归的结果表明,3项支出对收入超过贫困线群体的健康减贫效应大于收入低于贫困线的群体。在反贫困策略上,文章建议完善以政府为主导的医疗卫生支出机制;优化支出结构,适度提高公共卫生支出比重;对农村地区和特殊群体实施更有针对性的健康扶贫政策。
The paper analyses the poverty alleviation effect of the government health expenditure by using micro data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS) from 2012 to 2018. The results show that:(1) the government health expenditure has had a significant effect on poverty alleviation ever since the new healthcare reform. The effect is more significant for rural residents than for the urban ones.(2) The effect of public health expenditure is the most significant, followed by the effect of medical security expenditure(subsidy demand side) and the medical institution expenditure(subsidy supply side). The effect of public health and that of medical institution expenditures are more significant for rural residents, while the medical security expenditure has more significant effects in urban areas.(3) The effects of medical institution and public health expenditure are more significant for the residents aged below 60, while the effect of medical security expenditure is much smaller.(4) The effects of all three types of expenditures are more significant for the residents in poverty types other than income. It is vital to establish a government-led health expenditure mechanism, optimize the structure, raise the proportion of the expenditure properly, and implement targeted health poverty alleviation policies in order to strengthen the quality of poverty alleviation.
出处
《中国人口科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期84-97,128,共15页
Chinese Journal of Population Science
基金
社科基金项目“多维贫困视阈下财政支出减贫的作用机制和动态效应研究”(编号:19BJY229)的阶段性成果。
