摘要
马铃薯生产中轮作、休耕和深耕有利于改善土壤质量,提高马铃薯产量。为明确马铃薯耕作方式对土壤微生物的影响,采用平板分离法对马铃薯不同种植方式下土壤真菌、细菌和放线菌数量进行测定。休耕模式下土层0~15,15~30和30~45 cm真菌数量分别为11.00×10^2,5.40×10^2和3.73×10^2 CFU/g,高于相应土层中其他耕作模式。连作中0~15,15~30和30~45 cm土层的放线菌数分别为3.87×10^4,2.42×10^4和2.21×10^4 CFU/g,细菌数量分别为77.68×10^4,33.13×10^4和18.92×10^4 CFU/g,均高于轮作和休耕的相应土层。马铃薯-玉米-马铃薯、马铃薯-藜麦-马铃薯和马铃薯-马铃薯-马铃薯耕作方式下随着土层加深,真菌、放线菌及细菌的数量均逐渐减少。休耕中真菌和细菌数量随着土层加深而减少,但放线菌在15~30 cm中数量最多,达2.39×10^4 CFU/g。该结果为制定合理的马铃薯耕作模式提供了依据。
Rotation,fallow and deep cultivation in potato production are conducive to improving soil quality and potato yield.In order to clarify the effects of potato cultivation methods on soil microorganisms,the number of soil fungi,bacteria and actinomycetes under different potato planting methods were determined through plate isolation method.The number of fungi was 11.00×10^2,5.40×10^2 and 3.73×10^2 CFU/g in 0-15,15-30 and 30-45 cm soils under fallow mode,respectively,which was higher than that in the corresponding soil layer of other treatments.The number of actinomycetes was 3.87×10^4,2.42×10^4 and 2.21×10^4 CFU/g in 0-15,15-30 and 30-45 cm soil layers in continuous cropping,respectively,and the number of bacteria was 77.68×10^4,33.13×10^4 and 18.92×10^4 CFU/g,both higher than that of the corresponding soil layers of rotation and fallow treatments.Under potato-corn-potato,potato-quinoa-potato and potato-potato-potato farming modes,the number of fungi,actinomycetes and bacteria gradually decreased as the soil layer deepens.The number of fungi and bacteria in fallow mode decreased with the deepening of the soil layer,but the number of actinomycetes was the most in 15-30 cm,reaching 2.39×10^4 CFU/g.The results provide a basis for developing a reasonable potato rotation mode.
作者
宋钰
李统华
金梦军
杨成德
张俊莲
SONG Yu;LI Tonghua;JIN Mengjun;YANG Chengde;ZHANG Junlian(College of Plant Protection,Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China;Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Germplasm Innovation,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070,China)
出处
《中国马铃薯》
2020年第4期214-219,共6页
Chinese Potato Journal
基金
国家马铃薯产业技术体系项目(CARS-10-P18)。
