摘要
以废弃玉米秸秆资源、玉米秸秆炭化后生物炭、以及蚯蚓粪为主要原料,采用原位堆肥方法,设置单一玉米秸秆基质块(对照S)、秸秆块+蚯蚓粪(SE)、秸秆块+生物炭(SB)、秸秆块+蚯蚓粪+生物炭(SEB)4个处理,分析生物炭与蚯蚓粪添加对玉米秸秆基质块养分和黄瓜植株生长影响。结果表明:相比S,SB和SEB显著增加黄瓜茎粗10.26%和11.71%,但SB有降低植株生物量累积的趋势,SEB生物量累积最高,并相对SB显著增加植株生物量累积。SE、SB、SEB处理持水孔隙度和容重均高于S,添加蚯蚓粪增加基质容重。SB相对SE和SEB显著增加了基质有机质、全钾养分和速效钾养分含量。相比S,SE和SEB显著降低基质全氮、速效氮和速效钾含量分别是57.71%、61.98%,47.29%、33.00%和68.51%、22.00%,增加基质pH,且SE促进基质速磷累积量。通过隶属函数分析表明,玉米秸秆基质块、复合添加蚯蚓粪和生物炭对促进黄瓜植株生长,改善基质物理特性,促进植株对基质养分吸收,增加黄瓜增产效果最显著。
Waste corn straw resources,biochar after corn straw carbonization,and earthworm cast were used as the main raw materials.Taking in-situ composting,the single corn straw matrix block was used as a control(S),with straw block+earthworm cast(SE),straw block+biochar(SB),straw block+earthworm cast+biochar(SEB).The effects of biochar and earthworm cast on the nutrients of corn straw matrix and the growth of cucumber plants were analyzed.The results showed that compared with S,SB and SEB significantly increased cucumber stem diameter by 10.26%and 11.71%,but SB had a tendency to reduce plant biomass accumulation,SEB biomass accumulation was the highest,and significantly increased plant biomass accumulation compared to SB.The water holding porosity and bulk density of SE,SB,and SEB treatments were higher than those of S,and the addition of earthworm cast increased the bulk density.Compared with SE and SEB,SB significantly increased the content of total organic matter(TOC),total potassium(TK),total nitrogen(TN)and available potassium(AK).Compared with S,SE and SEB significantly reduced matrix total nitrogen by 57.71%and 61.98%,available nitrogen by 47.29%and 30.00%,and available potassium by 68.57%and 20.00%,increasing substrate pH,and SE promoted substrate rapid phosphorus accumulation the amount.The analysis of membership function showed that SEB can promote the growth of cucumber plants,improve the physical properties of the substrate,promote the absorption of nutrients from the substrate,and increase the yield of cucumber.
作者
郑文德
王晓东
马嘉伟
王星怡
马永杰
张雪艳
ZHENG Wende;WANG Xiaodong;MA Jiawei;WANG Xingyi;MA Yongjie;ZHANG Xueyan(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021)
出处
《北方园艺》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第15期96-102,共7页
Northern Horticulture
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发资助项目(2019BEH03001,2018BFG02016,2018BBF02004)
宁夏回族自治区西部一流学科园艺学资助项目(NXYLXK2017B03)
宁夏回族自治区科技创新领军人才资助项目(KJT2017001)。
关键词
秸秆基质块
蚯蚓粪
生物炭
养分特性
黄瓜
straw substrate block
earthworm cast
biochar
nutrient characteristics
cucumber
