摘要
新石器文化与全新世生态环境变化的关系是学术界关注的热点问题。通过对筛选出的中国典型地区孢粉记录的生态环境和具有年代数据考古遗址的综合分析,初步认为:1)典型地区全新世生态环境变化与新石器文化之间具有较密切的关系,中全新世温暖湿润期的生态环境宜于这一时期的文化发展;2)东亚季风是影响典型地区新石器文化发展的重要因素之一;不同地区的地形和水位在一定程度上也影响了区域文化的发展;3)约4.3~4.2 ka BP的全球事件在典型地区表现明显,太阳辐射减少和东亚冬夏季风的变化可能是影响典型地区生态环境变化和新石器文化衰退乃至消失的主要因素;4)高分辨率孢粉记录的生态环境、考古遗址的系统测年、生态环境与文化发展的耦合机制等是未来需要深入研究的方向。
The relationship between ecological environments and Neolithic cultures during the Holocene is a hot topic in academic community,due to its profound theoretical and practical significance for the regional sustainable development.Pollen records and archaeological sites with chronology data in the representative areas of China were comprehensively analyzed to uncover their relationship.Our preliminary conclusions were as follows:(1)The warm and humid climate conditions during the middle Holocene facilitated the cultural development.(2)The East Asian Monsoon significantly contributed to the development of Neolithic cultures.The regional topography and water condition also affected the development of regional culture to a certain extent.(3)A global climatic and cultural event obviously exhibited at ca.4.3-4.2 ka BP.Decreases in solar radiation and changes in East Asian Monsoons in winter and summer in the middle-late Holocene were the main drivers for environmental changes and the decline even collapse of Neolithic cultures.(4)High-resolution pollen records,systematic dating of archaeological sites,and coupling mechanism of ecological environment and cultural development need further investigation.
作者
王凯
马玉贞
李丹丹
蒙红卫
郭超
WANG Kai;MA Yu-zhen;LI Dan-dan;MENG Hong-wei;GUO Chao(State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Process and Resource Ecology,Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographical Processes and Environmental Changes,School of Tourism and Geographical Sciences,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China;College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Hubei University of Arts and Science,Xiangyang 441053,Hubei,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第8期2467-2477,共11页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41571186)
国家重点研发计划(2017YFC1503004-03)资助。
关键词
花粉组合
考古遗址
全新世
生态环境
pollen assemblage
archaeological site
Holocene
ecological environment
