摘要
地震及其链生灾害除造成人员伤亡和经济损失等直接影响外,还可造成水污染、土壤污染、大气污染等环境问题,也可造成土壤侵蚀、耕地退化、动物栖息地丧失、生物多样性退化等生态灾难。本文总结了近年来部分造成环境与生态影响的地震案例,讨论了相关学者对相应影响机制和机理的研究及减少影响的可能措施和面临的问题。随着我国经济社会的快速发展,科学开展地震及其链生灾害对环境与生态影响的研究、采取有效的震前设防和震后断链措施是切实防范重大风险、保持经济社会和环境可持续发展的重要考量。
In addition to cause casualties,economic losses and other direct impacts,earthquakes and their aftermath disaster chain also result in not only environmental problems including water,soil and air pollution,but also ecological disasters,such as soil erosion,degradation of arable land,destroy of animal habitat,biodiversity reduction and so on.This paper summarizes part of earthquake events that have caused environmental and ecological impacts in recent years,and discusses the influence mechanisms in the affecting processes and possible measures to reduce relevant risks from related literatures.With the fast development of Chinese economy and society,it is significant consideration of effectively guarding against major risks and maintaining sustainable development of economy and society to scientifically investigate the environmental and ecological impact of earthquakes and their aftermath chain of disasters,and taking effective measures to do more preparations before major earthquakes and cut off the disaster chain after destructive earthquakes.
作者
张琰
李佳威
蒋长胜
吴健
隗永刚
Zhang Yan;Li Jiawei;Jiang Changsheng;Wu Jian;Wei Yonggang(Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,Beijing 100081,China;Department of Mathematics and Geosciences,University of Trieste,Trieste 34128,Italy;School of Earth and Space Science,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Swiss Seismological Service,Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich,Zürich CH-8092,Switzerland;China Earthquake Disaster Prevention Center,Beijing 100029,China)
出处
《震灾防御技术》
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第1期194-201,共8页
Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention
关键词
地震灾害风险
灾害链
环境与生态
可持续发展
Earthquake disaster risk
Disaster chain
Environment and ecology
Sustainable development
