摘要
目的了解中小学生流感防控知识、态度、行为及疫苗接种状况,为后期流感防控提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,应用调查问卷形式,2019年4月对聊城市茌平区20所1268名中小学学生就流感防控知识、应对态度、健康行为及疫苗接种状况进行调查并统计分析。结果聊城市茌平区中小学生流感防控基本知识的总知晓率为68.27%(6060/8876),不同年级(小学生61.43%、初中生75.77%),不同区域(城区73.47%、农村65.77%)知晓率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。健康态度持有率为53.89%(2050/3804),不同性别(男生52.39%、女生55.69%),不同年级(小学生44.29%、初中生64.41%),不同区域(城区72.49%、农村44.94%)持有率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05、<0.01)。健康行为执行率为69.72%(7072/10144),不同性别(男生66.12%、女生74.03%),不同年级(小学生64.99%、初中生74.90%),不同区域(城区76.15%、农村66.62%)执行率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。流感疫苗接种率为33.99%(431/1268),城区高于农村(城区41.26%、农村30.49%)(P<0.01),未接种流感疫苗的主要原因以听从家长安排的所占比例最高为30.84%(391/1268)。获取流感知识的途径与形式主要是学校课堂教学及专家讲座为69.79%(885人),校内宣传为63.96%(811人)。结论聊城市茌平区中小学生对流感防控相关知识、态度及行为的正确率、疫苗接种率均有待提高。
Objective To understand the knowledge,attitude,behavior and vaccination status of influenza prevention and control among primary and middle school students,so as to provide the basis for further influenza prevention and control.Methods Random cluster sampling and questionnaire survey was used in April 2019,1268students from 20primary and secondary schools in Chiping district,Liaocheng city were surveyed and analyzed on knowledge,attitude,health behavior and vaccination status of influenza prevention and control.Results The awareness rate of knowledge was 68.27%(6060/8876)among primary and middle school students in Chiping district of Liaocheng city,with statistically significant difference among students in different grades(primary school students 61.43%,middle school students 75.77%)and areas(urban area 73.47%,rural area 65.77%)(P<0.01).The holding rate of health behavior was 53.89%(2050/3804),with statistically significant difference among students in different genders(boys 52.39%,girls 55.69%),grades(primary school students 44.29%,middle school students 64.41%)and areas(urban area 72.49%,rural area 44.94%)(P<0.05,P<0.01).The implementation rate of health behavior was 69.72%(7072/10144),with statistically significant difference among students in different genders(boys 66.12%,girls 74.03%),grades(primary school students 64.99%,middle school students 74.90%)and areas(urban area 76.15%,rural area 66.62%)(P<0.01).Influenza vaccination rate was 33.99%(431/1268),which was higher in urban area(41.26%)than in rural area(30.49%)(P<0.01).Arranged by parents occupied the highest proportion(30.84%,391/1268)among the main reasons of unvaccinated influenza,and the main way to acquire influenza knowledge was school classroom teaching and expert lectures(69.79%,885),the school's publicity was 63.96%(811).Conclusion The correct rate of influenza prevention and control knowledge,attitude and behavior and vaccination rate among primary and middle school students in Chiping district,Liaocheng city need to be improved.
作者
刘文
马召青
LIU Wen;MA Zhao-qing(Chiping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Liaocheng,Shandong,252100,China)
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2020年第6期459-462,共4页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
流行性感冒
中小学生
防控知识
疫苗接种
Influenza
Primary and secondary school students
Prevention and control knowledge
Vaccination
