摘要
在艾滋病病毒(HIV)传播中,吸毒者起到了关键的作用。吸毒感染艾滋病有多种方式,传统毒品主要以共用注射器造成的血液交换而感染,而新型毒品通过滥用后的无保护性行为和群体性行为感染。近年来,新型毒品滥用比例已经超过传统毒品,应成为新的公共卫生关切。目前,国际组织和各国政府主要推荐或采取针具交换项目、阿片类药物替代治疗、检测与咨询、抗反转录病毒治疗和安全套推广项目等5种降低危害的方式从而降低吸毒对HIV感染的危害。但对于毒品,尤其是新型毒品对传播艾滋病的影响还缺乏具体的研究数据,本文呼吁政府加强这方面研究,从而尽可能减少吸毒行为,并降低吸毒行为在艾滋病传播中的影响。
Drug users play a key role in HIV spreading.Synthetic drugs(club drugs)spread HIV through unprotected sex and group sex after drug abuse,while traditional drugs mainly spread through sharing syringes.In recent years,the proportion of synthetic drug abuse has surpassed that of traditional drugs and become a new public health concern.Currently,five harm reduction approaches are recommended by international organizations and governments:needle-syringe program(NSP),opioid substitution therapy(OST),HIV testing and counselling(HTC),anti-retroviral therapy(ART),and condom distribution program for PWID and their sexual partners.However,there is still lack of researches on the impact of drugs,especially synthetic drugs in the spread of AIDS.This paper aims to summarize the main ways of HIV infection via drug abuse and intervention measures,with the hope to call on the government to strengthen the researches,so as to minimize drug abuse,and reduce the impact of drug abuse in HIV/AIDS spreading.
作者
金晔
卢洪洲
JIN Ye;LU Hongzhou(Department of Infection and Immunity,Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center,Fudan University,Shanghai 201805,China;Shanghai Center for Women and Children’s Health,Shanghai 200062;Department of Infectious Disease,Huashan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200040)
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第7期794-796,F0003,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
基金
国家“十三五”重大新药创制专项(2017ZX09304027)。
关键词
艾滋病
吸毒
干预措施
降低危害
HIV/AIDS
drug abuse
intervention
harm reduction
