摘要
目的了解上海市嘉定区黄渡镇60岁及以上老年人居民的主要死因构成,为老年人疾病防控提供依据。方法采用死亡率、潜在减寿年数(PYLL)、减寿年数率(PYLLR)、平均减寿年数(AYLL)等指标评估黄渡镇60岁以上老年人死亡特征及减寿情况。结果2012—2019年60岁以上老年人累计死亡1648人,死亡率为22.56‰。居民死亡率随时间推移变化处于基本稳定状态(P=0.315>0.05)。死因位居前五位的依次为肿瘤、脑血管病、心血管病、呼吸系统疾病以及损伤和中毒,占全死因的81.67%。死因顺位中肿瘤、呼吸系统疾病死亡率男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),心脑血管以及损伤和中毒疾病男女之间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。60岁以上居民死因中,全部死因造成的减寿年数为5512.5(人年),减寿年数率为88.69‰,平均减寿年数为8.14(年/人)。结论肿瘤和心脑血管疾病是黄渡镇老年人死亡的主要原因,应依托家庭医生团队,加强对肿瘤、心脑血管等疾病方面的干预防控措施,提升该地区老年人的生活质量。
Objective To analyze the main causes of death among elderly residents aged 60 and above in Huangdu,Jiading District,Shanghai,and to provide evidence for disease prevention and control of the elderly.Methods The mortality rate,potential years of life lost(PYLL),years of life lost rate(PYLLR),and average years of life lost(AYLL)were calculated to evaluate the death characteristics and life loss of the elderly over 60 years old in Huangdu.Results From 2012 to 2019,there were 1648 deaths among elderly people over 60 years old,and the death rate was 22.56‰.The mortality rate of residents was basically stable over time(P=0.315).The top five causes of death were tumor,cerebrovascular disease,cardiovascular disease,respiratory diseases,and injury and poisoning,accounting for 81.67%of all deaths.The mortality of tumors and respiratory diseases was higher in males than in females,and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.001).There were no significant differences in mortality between men and women in cardiovascular,cerebrovascular,and injury and poisoning diseases(P>0.05).Among the causes of death of residents aged 60 and above,the number of years of life lost caused by all causes of death was 5512.5(person-years),the rate of years of life lost was 88.69‰,and the average number of years of life lost was 8.14(years/person).Conclusion Tumor and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the main causes of death in the elderly in Huangdu area.Family doctors should be used to strengthen the prevention and control measures for cancer,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases to improve the quality of life of the elderly in the area.
作者
马丽
王小丽
MA Li;WANG Xiaoli(Department of Preventive Health,Huangdu Community Health Service Center,Anting Town,Jiading District,Shanghai 201804,China;Zhengzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450007,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2020年第4期81-84,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
关键词
老年人口
死亡率
死因顺位
潜在减寿年数
Elderly
Mortality
Rank of death causes
Potential years of life lost
