摘要
干旱已成为全球陆地生态系统面临的普遍问题,其发展具有明显的地域特征,了解区域干旱的时空分布特征是防灾减灾、应对气候变化的基础。基于scPDSI数据集,采用经验正交函数和统计分析方法,分析2002-2017年东北地区气候干湿状况的时空分布和演变特征,探讨了干湿状况的季节变化对年际变化的贡献率,结果表明:东北地区4个季节的干旱面积为52.27%-62.03%,虽然季节和年际尺度的干旱均有减弱趋势,其中冬季干旱程度显著减弱,但干旱仍然是东北地区的主要气候背景;春季和夏季scPDSI的协同作用对年际scPDSI变化的贡献率达88.64%,夏季的贡献率达86.13%;东北地区的西部干旱程度高于东部的,其中呼伦贝尔草原中部和浑善达克沙地东部以严重干旱和中等干旱为主;EOF分析表明,东北地区4个季节和年度的干湿状况呈现一致的正变化趋势,高值中心主要出现在南部地区。
Drought is a common problem in the global terrestrial ecosystem and its development has obvious regional characteristics.So understanding the spatial-temporal distribution of regional drought is essential for disaster prevention and mitigation and response to climate change.Based on the scPDSI(self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index)data from 2002 to 2017 and the EOF as well as statistical analysis methods,the spatial-temporal distribution and evolution characteristics of the dry-wet conditions in Northeast China are analyzed in this paper.Besides,the contribution rate of seasonal dry-wet conditions to interannual variation is discussed as well.The results are as follows.The drought area in Northeast China over the four seasons ranges from 52.27%to 62.03%.Although the seasonal and interannual drought conditions both have the weakening trend and the degree of winter drought is significantly weakened,the drought is still the main climatic background in Northeast China.The contribution rate of the spring and summer scPDSI to interannual scPDSI gets to 88.64%and the contribution of the summer scPDSI is 86.13%.The drought degree in the western part of Northeast China is heavier than that in the eastern part,of which severe drought and moderate drought mainly occur in the central part of Hulunbuir grassland and the eastern part of Otindag sandy land.The EOF analysis indicates that the seasonal and annual dry-wet conditions in Northeast China show a consistent positive trend,and the high value centers mainly appear in the southern region.These results could provide some references for regional meteorological disaster warning and rational allocation of water resources.
作者
于成龙
唐权
郭春玲
刘丹
宫丽娟
Yu Chenglong;Tang Quan;Guo Chunling;Liu Dan;Gong Lijuan(Innovation and Opening Laboratory of Regional Eco-Meteorology in Northeast of China Meteorological Administration,Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Institute of Meteorological Science,Harbin 150030,China;Linghai Ecological Construction and Development Center,Linghai 121200,China)
出处
《气象与环境科学》
2020年第3期24-32,共9页
Meteorological and Environmental Sciences
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目(LH2019D014)
中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所开放基金(2018SYIAEZD1)
中国气象局东北地区生态气象创新开放实验室开放研究基金项目(stqx2018zd03)。
