摘要
定向培养是近年来逐步兴起且反响良好的农村小学教师补充渠道。基于新制度经济学的制度变迁理论和社会学制度主义相关理论,构建新的制度变迁解释模式,认为农村小学教师定向培养政策的形成与中等师范教育的取消有内在联系。在计划经济向社会主义市场经济转轨初期,取消中等师范教育主要是合法性机制作用的结果,取消中师不仅是师范教育中专学历层次的消失,更是中师培养模式与制度优势的隐没,由此导致农村小学教师补充问题日益突出。在我国社会主义市场经济体制逐步建立和完善、社会环境趋于稳定、组织微环境较为积极的背景下,效率机制成为制度变迁的主要动力,定向培养政策的形成主要是效率机制在起作用。而定向培养之所以被认为是有效率的农村小学教师补充方式,在很大程度上是制度变迁过程中路径依赖的结果。
Directional training is a channel to supplement teachers for rural primary schools,which is gradually rising in recent years and has achieved some positive results.This study constructs a new explanation mode of institutional change based on the institution change theory in new institutional economics and the sociological institutionalism theory.It is found that there is an inherent relation between the generation of rural primary school teacher directional training policyand the elimination of the secondary normal education.Specifically,in the beginning of the transition from the planned economy to market economy in China,the legitimacy mechanism mainly leaded to the abolition of the secondary normal education which is not only the disappearance of the secondary education level of normal education,but also the fading of the teacher-training mode and institutional advantages of the secondary normal education.As a result,the supplementary problem of primary school teachers in rural areas is becoming more and more prominent.Under the background that the socialist market economy system has gradually been established and improved,the social environment has tended to be stable and the organizational microenvironment has been more active,the efficiency mechanism becomes the main motive force of the institutional change,and the efficiency mechanism plays an important role in the generation of the policy of directional training of rural teachers.The reason why the directional training is regarded as an efficient supplementary approach of rural teachers,to a large extent,is due to the path dependence in the process of institutional change.
作者
李静美
Li Jingmei(School of Education,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian Liaoning 116029,China)
出处
《教育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期76-82,共7页
Education Science
基金
国家社会科学基金“十三五”规划2019年度教育学青年项目“我国农村教师补充政策评价及优化研究”(项目编号:CFA190253)。
关键词
中等师范教育
农村小学教师定向培养政策
合法性机制
效率机制
secondary normal education
rural primary school teacher directional training policy
the legitimacy mechanism
the efficiency mechanism
