摘要
为做好地方猪种的保护和开发利用,对上海4个地方猪种梅山猪、浦东白猪、沙乌头猪和枫泾猪开展集中饲养测定试验,测定肥育性能、屠宰性能和肉质,并取样背最长肌测定氨基酸、脂肪酸和胆固醇。测定结果表明,4个地方猪种平均日增重和料重比分别为441.56 g和3.59,活体背膘厚和眼肌面积分别为38.63 mm和19.28 cm2,屠宰率和瘦肉率分别为67.98%和49.33%,总体上,4个地方猪种之间的差异不大,与引进的瘦肉型猪种比较,生长速度和产肉效率显著低。4个地方猪种的肌内脂肪含量明显高于杜长大商品猪,影响猪肉风味物质的脂肪酸和鲜味氨基酸优于杜长大瘦肉型商品猪。试验为指导开展地方猪种与引进品种杂交选育,生产出既具有地方猪产仔多、抗病力强、肉质优等优良特性,又兼备引进品种的生长速度快、料重比低、瘦肉率高的杂种商品猪,培育配套系或开发新品种,具有非常重要的现实意义。
In order to protect,develop and utilize the local pig breeds,four local pig breeds Meishan pig,Pudong White pig,Shawutou pig and Fengjing pig in Shanghai were fed together.Fattening performance,slaughtering performance,meat quality as well as amino acids,fatty acids and cholesterol of longissimus dorsi were determined.The results showed that the average daily gain,the feed:gain ratio,the living backfat thickness,the living eye muscle area,the slaughter percent and the lean meat percent of four local pig breeds were 441.56 g,3.59,38.63 mm,19.28 cm2,67.98%and 49.33%respectively.In general,the difference between the four local pig breeds was not significant,while the growth rate and meat production efficiency were significantly lower compared with the imported lean meat type pig breeds.The intramuscular fat of four local pigs was significantly higher than that of Duroc×Landrance×Yorkshire crossbred pigs,and the fatty acids and fresh amino acids which affected the flavor of pork were better than the latter.The study is of great practical significance in guiding the crossbreeding and breeding of local pig breeds and introduced varieties,producing hybrid commercial pigs that not only have the good characteristics of local pig breeds,such as producing more offspring,strong disease resistance and good meat quality,but also have the advantages of the rapid growth,low feed:gain ratio and high lean meat rate of introduced varieties as well as the cultivating synthetic line and developing the new varieties.
作者
陆雪林
吴昊旻
薛云
雷胜辉
李何君
赵乐乐
邢磊
LU Xuelin;WU Haomin;XUE Yun;LEI Shenghui;LI Hejun;ZHAO Lele;XING Lei(Shanghai Animal Disease Control Center,Shanghai 201103,China;Shanghai Songjiang District Animal Disease Control Center,Shanghai 201611,China)
出处
《养猪》
2020年第4期65-69,共5页
Swine Production
基金
上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(2018-02-08-00-03-F01554)。
关键词
地方猪种
肥育性能
肉质特性
local pig breeds
fattening performance
meat quality
