摘要
目的了解长沙市某电子设备制造企业噪声作业人群听力损失现状及趋势,为企业和职业卫生管理部门后续开展职业卫生工作提供依据。方法收集2016-2018年长沙市某电子设备制造企业共14871名噪声作业在岗期间健康检查人员相关信息,采用Excel 2010、SPSS 22.0进行数据整理及统计分析。结果2016-2018年长沙市某电子设备制造企业疑似职业性噪声聋检出率分别为0.4%(15/4278)、0.3%(14/5171)和0.04%(2/5422);职业禁忌证检出率分别为2.3%(97/4278)、3.0%(156/5171)和3.5%(191/5422);复查检出率分别为13.4%(574/4278)、17.4%(899/5171)和15.2%(823/5422)。不同职业病危害因素接触类型员工疑似职业性噪声聋检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2018年长沙市某电子设备制造企业不同年龄组、工龄组、职业病危害因素接触类型和工种员工职业禁忌证检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。<25岁年龄组职业禁忌证检出率较高(4.9%)。<1年工龄组职业禁忌证检出率最高(4.0%)。不同年龄组、职业病危害因素接触类型和工种员工复查检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。2016-2018年不同年份员工疑似职业性噪声聋、职业禁忌证和复查检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),职业禁忌证检出率、复查检出率整体呈上升趋势。结论长沙市某电子设备制造企业噪声在岗作业人员听力损失随年份增加有上升趋势,低年龄组和短工龄组噪声作业工人的职业禁忌证检出率较高。
Objective To research the current status and trend of hearing loss among noise-exposed population in an electronic equipment manufacturing enterprisein Changsha City,provide basis for enterprises and occupational health management departments to carry out the follow-up occupational health work.Methods The relevant information of in-service health examination were collected from 14871 noise-exposed workers in an electronic equipment manufacturing enterprise in Changsha City from 2016-2018.The data collation and statistical analysis was performed using Excel 2010 and SPSS 22.0.Results From2016-2018,the detection rate of suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss in an electronic equipment manufacturing enterprise in Changsha City was respectively 0.4%(15/4278),0.3%(14/5171)and 0.04%(2/5422),the detection rate of occupational contraindication was respectively 2.3%(97/4278),3.0%(156/5171)and 3.5%(191/5422),and the detection rate of re-examination was respectively 13.4%(574/4278),17.4%(899/5171)and 15.2%(823/5422).The difference in the detection rate of suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss among different occupational hazard exposure types was statistically significant(P<0.01).In 2018,there were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of occupational contraindication among different group in age,length of service,occupational hazard exposure type,and type of work(all P<0.01).The detection rate of occupational contraindication in<25 year-old group was higher(4.9%).The detection rate of occupational contraindication in<1 year working age group was the highest(4.0%).There were statistically significant differences in the detection rate of re-examination among different group in age occupational hazard exposure type,and type of work(all P<0.01).From 2016-2018,here were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss,occupational contraindication and re-examination among different years(all P<0.01).The detection rates
作者
吴鑫
皮嵩云
陈秀兵
官玉红
WU Xin;PI Song-yun;CHEN Xiu-bing;GUANG Yu-hong(Department of Occupational Health Development,Changsha Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Changsha Hunan,410004,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2020年第11期1441-1444,共4页
Occupation and Health
关键词
噪声
电子设备制造业
疑似职业性噪声聋
职业禁忌证
趋势
Electronic equipment manufacturing industry
Suspected occupational noise-induced hearing loss
Occupational contraindication
Trend
